1. Associate Editors 2. Contributors 3. Introduction 4. Vincent A. Fulginiti, MD (1931-2013): A Visionary Leader in Pediatric Education, Research, and Bioethics 5. Advances in the Interdisciplinary Care of Children with Klinefelter Syndrome 6. Prader Willi Syndrome: Genetics, Metabolomics, Hormonal Function, and New Approaches to Therapy 7. Advances in the Care of Transgender Children and Adolescents 8. Asthma Management for Children: Risk Identification and Prevention 9. The Optic Nerve Hypoplasia Spectrum: Review of the Literature and Clinical Guidelines 10. Update on Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Paradigms in Treatment and Prevention 11. Chronic Hepatitis C Infection in Children 12. Update on Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Lessons Learned from the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth Clinical Trial 13. Comorbidities of Thyroid Disease in Children 14. Advances in Pediatric Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology 15. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder 16. Updates in Pediatric Rheumatology 17. Advances in Autism-2016 18. The Center for Human Development in Guatemala: An Innovative Model for Global Population Health 19. Better Transportation to Health Care Will Improve Child Health and Lower Costs 20. Toxic Stress in Children and Adolescents 21. Update on Adolescent Contraception 22. Docosahexaenoic Acid and Arachidonic Acid Nutrition in Early Development 23. Using Shared Decision-Making Tools to Improve Care for Patients with Disorders of Sex Development