Acute Care Neurosurgery by Case Management: Pearls and Pitfalls

ISBN-13: 9783030995119 / Angielski / Twarda / 2022

Raksin, P. B.

Opis

This book reviews the common clinical scenarios that might trigger emergent consultation for neurosurgical intervention, with attention to key components of the clinical interview and exam, optimal diagnostic evaluation, indications for and the goals of operative intervention, perioperative considerations, and strategies for complication mitigation. This is not a surgical atlas, but rather, a road map for the journey to the operating room door. The intent is to establish a systematic, evidence-based action plan for the patient presenting in neurologic crisis. Each chapter opens with a relevant case vignette and then unfolds through uniform sections to tell the story of how one might approach the disease entity in question, from initial request for consultation to definitive management, highlighting steps of the decision-making process: • What are the highest yield questions to ask during a focused interview?• What are the most pertinent objective exam findings?• What is the proper differential diagnosis?• What is the most appropriate and efficient plan for diagnostic evaluation – with respect to laboratories and imaging?• Does this patient have an indication for emergent or urgent neurosurgical intervention?• If so, what is the goal of that intervention?• What are the most common potential complications of the proposed procedure, and what steps might be taken to mitigate those risks? Each chapter is punctuated by 3-5 teaching pearls, summarizing these key elements. The overall goal is to create a framework for assessment that might be applied in the emergency department, the trauma bay, or the ICU when a neurologic emergency arises. The scope of the text encompasses not only cranial and spinal trauma, but also entities such as shunt failure, stroke, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, pituitary apoplexy, cauda equina syndrome, and central nervous system infection that might require time-sensitive intervention. An additional section addresses issues requiring emergent neurosurgical response in the ICU setting, including sudden neurologic worsening, status epilepticus, and abnormal clotting/ coagulopathy. The text will not only serve as a valuable resource for those preparing to take the oral board exam, but will also provide a targeted refresher for clinicians taking general neurosurgical call in the community as well as an educational reference for mid-level practitioners and those in training who are serving as first responders on behalf of a neurosurgical service. 

Spis treści

Introduction

In the Emergency Department

Hemorrhagic stroke – spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Cerebellar stroke and suboccipital trauma

Venous sinus thrombosis

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Pituitary apoplexy

Hydrocephalus and shunt failure

Cerebrospinal fluid fistulae

Acute epidural compression syndromes of the spinal canal – epidural hematoma, 

metastatic disease, abscess

Cauda equina syndrome

In the Trauma Bay

Initial evaluation of concussion

Epidural and subdural hematoma

Cerebral contusion

Penetrating brain injury

Traumatic arterial vascular and venous injuries

Decompressive craniectomy – for stroke, trauma

Cervical spine fractures

Thoracolumbar fractures

Central cord syndrome

In the Intensive Care Unit

Approach to the patient with acute neurologic worsening

Status epilepticus

Central nervous system infection

Abnormal clotting and coagulopathy

Fever

O autorze

P.B. Raksin, MD

Associate Professor of Neurological Surgery

Rush University Medical Center

Director, Neurosurgery ICU

John H. Stroger Jr Hospital of Cook County (formerly Cook County Hospital)

patricia_b_raksin@rush.edu

Blurb

This book reviews the common clinical scenarios that might trigger emergent consultation for neurosurgical intervention, with attention to key components of the clinical interview and exam, optimal diagnostic evaluation, indications for and the goals of operative intervention, perioperative considerations, and strategies for complication mitigation. This is not a surgical atlas, but rather, a road map for the journey to the operating room door. The intent is to establish a systematic, evidence-based action plan for the patient presenting in neurologic crisis.

Each chapter opens with a relevant case vignette and then unfolds through uniform sections to tell the story of how one might approach the disease entity in question, from initial request for consultation to definitive management, highlighting steps of the decision-making process. Each chapter is punctuated by 3-5 teaching pearls, summarizing these key elements. The overall goal is to create a framework for assessment that might be applied in the emergency department, the trauma bay, or the ICU when a neurologic emergency arises.

The scope encompasses not only cranial and spinal trauma, but also entities such as shunt failure, stroke, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, pituitary apoplexy, cauda equina syndrome, and central nervous system infection that might require time-sensitive intervention. An additional section addresses issues requiring emergent neurosurgical response in the ICU setting, including sudden neurologic worsening, status epilepticus, and abnormal clotting/ coagulopathy.