Acoustics-A Textbook for Engineers and Physicists: Volume II: Applications

ISBN-13: 9783319568461 / Angielski / Twarda / 2017 / 698 str.

Jerry H. Ginsberg

Opis

This textbook provides graduate and advanced undergraduate students with a comprehensive introduction to the application of basic principles and concepts for physical and engineering acoustics. Many of the chapters are independent, and all build from introductory to more sophisticated material. Written by a well-known textbook author with 39 years of experience performing research, teaching, and mentoring in the field, it is specially designed to provide maximum support for learning. Derivations are rigorous and logical, with thorough explanations of operations that are not obvious. Many of the derivations and examples have not previously appeared in print. Important concepts are discussed for their physical implications and implementation. Many of the 56 examples are mini case studies that address systems students will find to be interesting and motivating for continued study. The example solutions address both the significance of the example and the reasoning underlying the formulation. Tasks that require computational work are fully explained. This volume contains 168 homework exercises, accompanied by a detailed solutions manual for instructors. Building on the foundation provided in Volume I: Fundamentals, this text offers a knowledge base that will enable the reader to begin undertaking research and to work in the core areas of acoustics.

Recenzje

"Jerry H. Ginsberg offers what will surely become a quintessential 'graduate-level' acoustical text. ... There is something for everyone in Acoustics: A Textbook for Engineers and Physicists whether they are in architectural acoustics, underwater acoustics, psychological and physiological acoustics, or electroacoustics. Ginsberg has created the "ultimate" graduate-level textbook in acoustics." (Brandon Cudequest, Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Vol. 66 (3), March, 2018)

Spis treści

List of Examples

Preface

7 Radiation from Vibrating Bodies

7.1 Spherical Harmonics

7.1.1 Separation of Variables

7.1.2 Description of the Pressure Field

7.1.3 Arbitrary Spatial Dependence

7.2 Radiation from a Spherical Body

7.2.1 Analysis

7.2.2 Important Limits

7.2.3 Symmetry Plane

7.2.4 Interaction with an Elastic Spherical Shell 

7.3 Radiation from an Infinite Cylinder

7.3.1 Separation of Variables

7.3.2 Transverse Dependence-Cylindrical Bessel Functions

7.3.3 Radiation due to a Helical Surface Wave

7.3.4 Axially Periodic Surface Vibration 

7.3.5 Finite Length Effects 

7.4 Kirchhoff-Helmholtz Integral Theorem

7.4.1 Derivation for an Acoustic Cavity

7.4.2 Acoustic Radiation into an Exterior Domain

7.5 Numerical Methods for Radiation from Arbitrary Objects

7.5.1 Source Superposition

7.5.2 Boundary Element Method

7.5.3 Finite Element Method

7.6 Homework Exercises

8 Radiation from a Source in a Baffle

8.1 The Rayleigh Integral

8.2 Farfield Directivity

8.2.1 Cartesian Coordinate Description

8.2.2 Farfield of a Piston Transducer

8.3 Axial Dependence for a Circular Transducer

8.4 An Overall Picture of the Pressure Field

8.5 Radiation Impedance of a Circular Piston

8.6 Time Domain Rayleigh Integral

8.7 Homework Exercises

9 Modal Analysis of Waveguides

9.1 Propagation in a Horn

9.1.1 The Webster Horn Equation

9.1.2 Exponential Horn

9.1.3 Group Velocity

9.1.4 WKB Solution for an Arbitrary Horn

9.2 Two-Dimensional Waveguides

9.2.1 General Solution

9.2.2 Rigid Walls9.2.3 Interpretation

9.2.4 Flexible Walls

9.2.5 Orthogonality and Signal Generation

9.3 Three-Dimensional Waveguides

9.3.1 General Analytical Procedure

9.3.2 Rectangular Waveguide

9.3.3 Circular Waveguide

9.4 Homework Exercises

10 Modal Analysis of Enclosures

10.1 Fundamental Issues

10.1.1 Wall-Induced Signals

10.1.2 Source Excitation

10.2 Frequency-Domain Analysis Using Forced Cavity Modes

10.2.1 Rectangular Enclosures

10.2.2 Spherical Cavities

10.2.3 Cylindrical Enclosures

10.3 Analysis Using Natural Cavity Modes

10.3.1 Equations Governing Cavity Modes

10.3.2 Orthogonality

10.3.3 Analysis of the Pressure Field

10.3.4 Rectangular Cavity

10.3.5 Cylindrical Cavity

10.3.6 Spherical Cavity

10.4 Approximate Methods

10.4.1 The Rayleigh Ratio and Its Uses

10.4.2 Dowell’s Approximation

10.5 Homework Exercises<

11 Geometrical Acoustics

11.1 Basic Considerations: Wavefronts and Rays

11.1.1 Field Equations for an Inhomogeneous Fluid

11.1.2 Reflection and Refraction of Rays

11.2 Propagation in a Vertically Stratified Medium

11.2.1 Snell’s Law for Vertical Heterogeneity

11.2.2 Intensity and Focusing Factor

11.3 Arbitrary Heterogeneous Fluids

11.3.1 Ray Tracing Equations

11.3.2 Amplitude Dependence

11.4 Fermat’s Principle

11.5 Homework Exercises

12 Scattering

12.1 Background

12.2 Scattering by Heterogeneity

12.2.1 General Equations

12.2.2 The Born Approximation

12.3 Rayleigh Scattering Limit

12.3.1 The Rayleigh Limit of the Born Approximation

12.3.2 Mismatched Heterogeneous Region

12.3.3 Scattering from a Rigid Body

12.4 Measurements and Metrics

12.5 High Frequency Approximation

12.6 Scattering from Spheres

12.6.1 Stationary Spherical Scatterer

12.6.2 Scattering by an Elastic Spherical Shell

12.7 Homework Exercises

13 Nonlinear Acoustic Waves

13.1 Riemann’s Solution for Plane Waves

13.1.1 Analysis

13.1.2 Interpretation

13.1.3 Boundary and Initial Conditions

13.1.4 Equations of State

13.1.5 Quantitative Evaluations

13.2 Effects of Nonlinearity

13.2.1 Harmonic Generation

13.2.2 Shock Formation

13.2.3 Propagation of Weak Shocks

13.3 General Analytical Techniques

13.3.1 A Nonlinear Wave Equation

13.3.2 Frequency Domain Formulation

13.3.3 Regular Perturbation Series Expansion

13.3.4 Method of Strained Coordinates

13.4 Multidimensional Systems

13.4.1 Finite Amplitude Spherical Wave

13.4.2 Waves in Cartesian Coordinates

13.5 Further Studies

13.6 Homework Exercises

Appendix A: Curvilinear Coordinates

A.1 Spherical Coordinates

A.1.1 Gradient

A.1.2 Laplacian

A.1.3 Velocity and Acceleration

A.2 Cylindrical Coordinates

A.2.1 Transformations

A.2.2 Gradient

A.2.3 Laplacian

A.2.4 Velocity and Acceleration

Index

O autorze

Jerry H. Ginsberg’s technical education began at the Bronx High School of Science, from which he graduated in 1961. This was followed by a B.S.C.E. degree in 1965 from the Cooper Union, and an E.Sc.D. degree in engineering mechanics from Columbia University in 1970, where he held Guggenheim and NASA Fellowships. From 1969 to 1973 he was an Assistant Professor in the School of Aeronautics, Astronautics, and Engineering Science at Purdue University. He then transferred to Purdue's School of Mechanical Engineering, where he was promoted to Associate Professor in 1974. In the 1975-1976 academic year, he was a Fulbright-Hayes Advanced Research Fellow at the École Nationale Supérieure d'Électricité et de Mécanique in Nancy, France. He came to Georgia Tech in 1980 as a Professor in the School of Mechanical Engineering, which awarded him the George W. Woodruff Chair in 1989. He retired in June 2008. His prior publications include five textbooks in statics, dynamics, and vibrations, most in several editions, as well as more than one hundred twenty refereed papers covering these subjects. Dr. Ginsberg became a Fellow of the Acoustical Society of America in 1987, and a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1989. The awards and recognitions he has received include Georgia Tech Professor of the Year (1994), ASEE Archie Higdon Distinguished Educator in Mechanics (1998), ASA Trent-Crede Medal (2005), ASME Per Bruel Gold Medal in Noise Control and Acoustics (2007), and the ASA Rossing Prize in Acoustics Education (2010). In addition to his technical activities, he is an exceptional photographer.

Blurb

This textbook provides graduate and advanced undergraduate students with a comprehensive introduction to the application of basic principles and concepts for physical and engineering acoustics. Many of the chapters are independent, and all build from introductory to more sophisticated material. Written by a well-known textbook author with 39 years of experience performing research, teaching, and mentoring in the field, it is specially designed to provide maximum support for learning.  Derivations are rigorous and logical, with thorough explanations of operations that are not obvious. Many of the derivations and examples have not previously appeared in print. Important concepts are discussed for their physical implications and implementation. Many of the 56 examples are mini case studies that address systems students will find to be interesting and motivating for continued study. The example solutions address both the significance of the example and the reasoning underlying the formulation. Tasks that require computational work are fully explained. This volume contains 168 homework exercises, accompanied by a detailed solutions manual for instructors. Building on the foundation provided in Volume I: Fundamentals, this text offers a knowledge base that will enable the reader to begin undertaking research and to work in the core areas of acoustics.

• Provides broad and comprehensive treatment of the application of basic principles and techniques encountered in physical and engineering acoustics
• Contains 56 innovative examples, many of which are based on real-world research, highlighting the connection between physical phenomena and derived principles
• Features logical and rigorous presentation of derivations and examples, without sacrificing lucidity and explanation of operations that might be unfamiliar to the student
• Embeds coverage of numerical methods into the examples, including discussion of algorithms and associated macrocode, with Matlab code available online