A History of Women Philosophers: Ancient Women Philosophers 600 B.C. — 500 A.D.

ISBN-13: 9789024733484 / Angielski / Twarda / 1987 / 229 str.

Mary Ellen Waithe

Opis

edited by Mary Ellen Waithe Series: HISTORY OF WOMEN PHILOSOPHERS volume: 1 This first volume in a set of four chronicles the contributions women have made to that most abstract of intellectual disciplines, philosophy. Translations of the aphorisms of Theano, the feminist ethical writings of Theano II, Phintys and Perictione, the socio-political theory of Aesara of Lucania and the Sophias of Perictione II demonstrate that women have been philosophers since circa 600 B.C. A chapter on Aspasia, author of the Epitaphia reported by Socrates in Plato's Menexenus, describes her role as a rhetorician. This volume challenges the view that Diotima was not a philosopher but was Plato's only fictitious character. The discussion of Hypatia's Commentaries on Diophantus and on Ptolemy belies the Suda's claim that all of her writings have perished. Chapters on Makrina's Christian philosophy and on Julia Domna's philosophic circle testify to ancient women's philosophical enterprises. A chapter describing the philosophic schools headed by Arete of Cyrene and by Asclepigenia, as well as the philosophic activities of Cleobuline of Rhodes, Hipparchia, Axiothea and Lasthenia completes the survey of ancient women's philosophical legacy. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht April 1987 256 pp. Hardbound Dfl.169.00 BrP.67.50 April 1987 256 pp. Paperback Dfl.56.00 BrP.22.50

Recenzje

`It is an extremely important book which brings together in one text contributions of women philosophers in ancient western thought. It is well organized, very readable, and conveys a sense of excitement about the material covered.'
P. Allen in RFR/DRF, vol. 18, no. 1

Spis treści

to Volume 1.- 1. Early Pythagoreans: Themistoclea, Theano, Arignote, Myia, and Damo.- I. Themistoclea, Arignote, and Damo.- II. Theano of Crotona.- III. Myia; Notes..- 2. Late Pythagoreans: Aesara of Lucania, Phintys of Sparta, and Perictione I.- I. Aesara of Lucania.- (1) Text of On Human Nature.- (2) The Nature of Law and Justice.- (3) Aesara on Moral Psychology.- (4) Aesara and Physical Medicine.- (5) A Note about Feminism.- (6) The Principled Structure of the Soul.- II. Phintys of Sparta.- (1) Text of On the Moderation of Women,Fragment I.- (2) Women and Virtue.- (3) Women and Justice in the Home.- (4) Phintys’ On the Moderation of Women,Fragment II.- (5) Women and Religious Observances.- III. Perictione I.- (1) Translation of the Text.- (2) Relationships and Moral Obligation.- (3) Moral Pragmatism and Faithful Wives.- (4) Physical Beauty and the Moral Disorder of Women.- (5) Virtue, Power, Class and Oppression.- (6) Idealism versus Pragmatism; Comments by Vicki Lynn Harper,.- (7) Women and Piety.- (8) Translation of the Text; Notes..- 3. Late Pythagoreans: Theano II, and Perictione II.- I. Theano II.- (1) Theano II to Euboule.- (2) Theano II to Nikostrate.- (3) Theano to Kallisto; Commentary by Vicki Lynn Harper.- (4) Spurious Texts.- II. Perictione II.- (1) Text of Sophias.- (2) Wisdom and Morality; Notes..- 4. Authenticating the Fragments and Letters.- I. The Forgery Hypothesis.- (1) In Favor of the Forgery Hypothesis.- (2) Consequences of the Forgery Hypothesis.- II. The Pseudonymy Hypothesis.- (1) Consequences of the Pseudonymy Hypothesis: The “Female Authority” View.- (2) Consequences of the Pseudonymy Hypothesis: The Dissident Archytan View.- III. The Eponymy Hypothesis:.- (1) The Problem with Names.- (2) The Doric Language.- (3) Perictione l’s Ionic Prose.- (4) Phintys’ On the Moderation of Women.- (5) Aesara of Lucania’s On Human Nature; Summary; Notes..- 5. Aspasia of Miletus.- I. Background.- II. The Menexenus and Pericles’ Funeral Oration.- III. Two arguments about the Menexenus.- IV. Aspasia and Sophistic Rhetoric; Conclusions; Notes..- 6. Diotima of Mantinea.- I. Distinguishing Diotima from Plato and Socrates.- (1) Diotima’s Concept of Beauty.- (2) Diotima’s Concept of hmmortality.- (3) The Independence of Eros from Reason.- (4) Summary.- II. The Tradition of Diotima as a Fictitious Character.- (1) The “Plato is Feminizing Philosophy” Argument.- (2) The “Socratic Wit” Argument.- (3) The “Plato as Novelist” Argument.- (4) The “No Ancient Evidence” Argument.- (5) Objections to Arguments.- III. The historical Diotima.- (1) Evidence from Plato.- (2) The Archeological Evidence.- (3) The Written Testimony.- (4) Two Modern Opinions on the Historicity of Diotima.- IV. In Support of Thesis B.- (1) Immortality, Transmigration, and Personal Identity.- (2) Eros and Reason.- (3) The Idea of Beauty.- (4) Summary; Notes..- 7. Julia Domna.- I. Julia Domna’s Biography.- II. “The Philosopher Julia”.- (A) Who were the Members of Julia’s Circle?.- (B) Who were the Sophists?.- (C) What Philosophy did Julia study?.- (D) What Philosophy did Julia herself seem to Favor?.- III. Conclusion; Notes..- 8. Makrina.- I. Biography.- II. Makrina and the Spiritual Tradition.- (1) The Unity and Immortality of the Soul.- (2) Ascetism.- (3) Gnosticism.- (4) Gnosticism, Christianity, and the Inferiority of Women.- III. Makrina and Woman’s Soul.- (1) Makrina on the Soul and the ?á?? (Pathe).- (2) The Traditional Views of Women’s Souls.- (3) Mary, the Mother of Christ in Patristic Literature.- (4) Woman and Anthropomorphic Thinking about God.- IV. Makrina on Creation, Reincarnation, and Resurrection.- (1) Makrina and the Plotinian Tradition.- (2) Makrina and the Porphyryian View.- (3) Makrina and the Tradition of Philo of Alexandria.- (4) Makrina and the Reincarnation Doctrines; Notes..- 9. Hypatia of Alexandria.- I. Biography.- II. Teaching.- III. Works.- (1) Commentary on Diophantus’ Arithmeticorum.- (2) Commentary to Book III of Ptolemy’s Syntaxis Mathematica.- (3) Other Works; Summary; Notes..- 10. Arete, Asclepigenia, Axiothea, Cleobulina, Hipparchia, and Lasthenia.- I. Arete of Cyrene.- (1) Pain and Pleasure.- (2) Virtue and Hedonism.- (3) Hedonistic Moral Psychology.- II. Asclepigenia of Athens.- (1) Background.- (2) Metaphysics and Magic.- (3) Plotinus, Plutarch, Proclus.- III. Axiothea of Philesia.- IV. Cleobulina of Rhodes.- V. Hipparchia the Cynic.- VI. Lathenia of Mantinea; Notes..