Mechanical Loading of Bones and Joints

ISBN-13: 9784431702429 / Angielski / Twarda / 1999 / 324 str.

Hideaki Takahashi; H. E. Takahashi; Hideaki E. Takahashi

Opis

Bones and joints are always under mechanical loading a key concept in understanding bone metabolism. Among the most common diseases of bones and joints in the elderly are osteoporosis and joint osteoarthritis. Dynamic changes in mechanical loading give rise to problems resulting in stenosis of the spinal column at the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar levels. Mechanical loading also accelerates joint destruction caused by inflammation from such conditions as chronic rheumatoid arthritis. An understanding of mechanical loading is essential therefore to clinicians, basic researchers, and engineers working with bones and joints. Providing up-to-date research and clinical findings, the contents of this volume are from the papers, symposia, and special lectures presented at the 12th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Meeting of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association in Niigata, in October 1997.

Spis treści

1 Osteoporosis Basic and Clinical Research.- The Biomechanical “Face” of Osteoporosis: Emerging Views with Insights from the Utah Paradigm.- The Present State and Future Prospects for Bone Mass Measurement.- Anisotropic Behavior in Viscoelasticity and Fracture Mechanics of Compact Bone.- Development and Differentiation of Macrophages, Osteoclasts, and Dendritic Cells.- Histomorphometric and Node-Strut Analysis of Effects of Exercise or Incadronate Disodium on hPTH (1–34)-Induced Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Rats.- Human Parathyroid Hormone (1–34) Increases Cortical Bone Mass by Activating Bone Modeling in the Formation Mode in Ovariectomized Rats.- Osteoporotic Vertebral Pseudarthrosis: Another Instability of the Spine.- 2 Mechanical Loading and Its Regulation in Bone.- The Mechanics of Bone Adaptation.- Biomechanics of Articular Joints: Review of a Decade of Progress of the Niigata Biomechanics Group.- Mechanical Unloading and Bone Marrow Cells.- Changes in Bone Tissue of Tail-Suspended Rats.- Bending Load and Bone Formation Response.- Adaptive Bone Remodeling Under Mechanical Stimuli.- Bone Microdamage and Its Repair: Pathophysiology of Bone Fatigue.- 3 Joint Destruction and Its Regulation in Rheumatoid Arthritis.- The Immune System Under the Regulation of the Autonomic Nervous System.- Effects of Stem Loosening on Periprosthetic Bone Remodeling After Cementless Hip Replacement.- Abnormalities in Bone Marrow of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Extrathymic Differentiation of Resident T Cells in the Joint and Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Relationship Between HLA-DRB1-DQB1 Haplotypes and the Effect of Chicken Cartilage Soup Containing Type II Collagen on Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Notes on the Disease Mechanism and Genetics of Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Apoptosis Is a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for RA: Investigations Using an Experimental Arthritis Animal Model.- 4 Response of Spinal Cord and Cauda Equina to Dynamic Stress.- Evaluation of Dynamic Stress of the Cervical Spinal Cord Using a High-Resolution Positron Emission Tomography.- Dynamics of Cauda Equina Compression in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis.- Neurophysiological Changes of the Nerve Root Induced by Mechanical Compression.- Compound Muscle Action Potentials Under Dynamic Stress in Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis.- 5 Human Iliac CFU-F Properties and Potential Uses.- Immobilization Osteopenia—Bone Loss After Arthroplastic Surgery.- Characterization of Osteoblast Progenitor Cells in Human Iliac Bone Marrow.- Trabecular Bone Turnover and Bone Marrow Capacity for Bone Cells in Immobilization-Related Bone Loss.- Cbfa1 Is a Master Gene for Osteoblast Differentiation.- Which Activates Mechanotransduction in Bone—Extracellular Fluid Flow or Mechanical Strain?.- Bone Resorption Is Inhibited by an Osteocyte-Derived Protein.- Keyword Index.