Temporal Variations of the Cardiovascular System

ISBN-13: 9783662027509 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 401 str.

Thomas F. H. Schmidt; Bernard T. Engel; Gerhard Blumchen

Opis

Although it is widely recognized that there are significant variations in the circulation throughout the 24-hour day, these patterns have often been conceived as nuisance variables rather than functional differences. Responses of the circulation are examined here not as stable phenomena, but as integrated functions highly sensitive to environmental conditions, and driven by internal and external pacesetters. In this volume, cardiologists with a primary interest in hypertension or heart disease, chronobiologists, and psychologists join together for the first time to give the reader the opportunity to learn the extent and clinical significance of these changes from a chronobiological, behavioral and physiological perspective.

Spis treści

Day-Night Variations in the Cardiovascular System. Historical and Other Notes by an Outsider.- Basic Principles of Human Circadian Rhythms.- Diurnal Heart Rate Rhythms in Small Mammals: Species-Specific Patterns and Their Environmental Modulation.- Long-Term Changes of Heart Rate in Tree Shrews: Indicators of Social Stress?.- Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate During Different States of Activity.- The Neurovegetative System as a Link Between Internal and External Environments.- The Relationship Between Cardiovascular Responses in the Laboratory and in the Field: The Importance of “Active Coping”.- Diurnal Variation and Triggers of Onset of Cardiovascular Disease.- Daily Variations in ST Segment Depression in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease.- Nocturnal Hemodynamic Responses to Chronic,Mild Atrial Demand Pacing in Nonhuman Primates.- Feasibility of Continuous Noninvasive 24-h Ambulatory Finger Blood Pressure Measurement with Portapres: Comparison with Intrabrachial Pressure.- A New Dimension of Blood Pressure Measurement in Man: 24-h Ambulatory Continuous Noninvasive Recording with Portapres.- Peripheral Resistance Changes upon Stand-up Compared to Those upon Tilt-up and Onset to Cycling: Implication of the Cardiopulmonary Reflex.- Blood Pressure Control by Day Versus Night.- Dynamic Evaluation of Neural Cardiovascular Regulation Through the Analysis of Blood Pressure and Pulse Interval Variability over 24 Hours.- Sources of Variability and Methodological Considerations in Ambulatory Blood Pressure.- Factors Associated with Differences in the Diurnal Variation of Blood Pressure in Humans.- Effects of Behavioral Rhythms on Blood Pressure Rhythms.- The Relationship Between Self-Reported Emotional Strain and Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Heart Rate.- The Effect of Occupational and Domestic Stress on the Diurnal Rhythm of Blood Pressure.- Impact of Shifted Sleeping and Working Phases on Diurnal Blood Pressure Rhythm.- How and How Often Should Blood Pressure Be Measured for Optimum Hypertension Control?.- Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders and Nocturnal Hypertension.- Seasonal and Environmental Temperature Effects on Arterial Blood Pressure.- Age-Dependent Variation of Diurnal Blood Pressure Profile in Normotensive Subjects.- Recent Advances in the Chronopharmacology of Cardiovascular Active Drugs.- Chronopharmacokinetic Aspects with Special Reference to Cardiovascular Drugs.- Nocturnal Hemodynamic Effects of Commonly Used Cardiovascular Drugs: Possible Implications for Clinical and Pharmacological Management.