Intracranial Pressure VI: Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Intracranial Pressure, Held in Glasgow, Scotland, June 9-13, 1985

ISBN-13: 9783642709739 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 800 str.

J. Douglas Miller; G. M. Teasdale; J. O. Rowan

Opis

A quarter of a century has elapsed since Nils Lundberg published his thesis "Continuous Recording and Control of Ventricular Fluid Pressure In Neurosurgical Practice." This publication, more than any other, propelled continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure from the status of a research tool to become an integral part of neurosurgical intensive care, with wide application in the management of patients with head injuries, intracranial haemorrhage, brain tumours and disorders of the CSF circulation. At the same time, experimental studies by Langfitt and others stimulated investigations of the relationships between intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure volume relationships and studies of the formation and absorption of CSF. By 1972, Mario Brock had realised the extent of the interest in intracranial pressure research and organised the First International Symposium on Intracranial Pressure in Hanover in that year. This was the start of a series of highly successful meetings, subsequently held in Lund (1974), Groningen (1976), Williamsburg (1979) and Tokyo (1982), the proceed ings of which have been published as a uniform series of books. In each of these volumes the up to date status of research and clinical application of intracranial pressure measurement has been presented in a concise yet comprehensive way. The present volume contains the proceedings of the Sixth International Intracranial Pressure Symposium that was held in Glasgow, Scottland, from June 9th to 13th, 1985."

Spis treści

Session I: Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension; Causes, Consequences Chairmen: T.W. Langfitt and G.M. Teasdale.- Causes and Consequences of Raised Intracranial Pressure in Head Injuries.- Dynamics of Intracranial Pressure Rise in Severely Head Injured Patients.- ICP After Experimental Diffuse Head Injuries.- The Value of CT Scan Density Measurements After Human Head Injury: A Comparative Study Using Microgravimetric Measurement of Brain Specific Gravity.- Causal Factors in the Development of Brain Lactic Acidosis: Relationship Between Intracranial Pressure, CSF Lactate and CSF-CKBB After Severe Head Injury.- Changes in Brain Phosphorus Metabolism in Rats Following Fluid Percussion Injury.- Brain Damage in Non-Missile Head Injury Secondary to High Intracranial Pressure.- Session II: Pressure Volume Relationships Chairmen: J.D. Miller and K. Shapiro.- Variations in Pressure Volume Index and CSF Outflow Resistance Measured at Different Places in the Craniospinal Axis.- The Constant Pressure Term (PO) of the Volume-Pressure Relationship. Comparison Between Results of Infusion Test and Pulse Pressure Analysis.- Volume Accounting: A Method for the Study of CSF-Hydrodynamics. An Aid for Parameter Estimation and Validation of Pressure/Flow Models.- Brain Elastic Behavior and CSF Dynamics During Progressive Epidural Balloon Expansion.- Brain Elastic Behavior and CSF Dynamics in Cold Induced Edema.- Independence of Compliance and CSF Hydrodynamics as an Explanation for Volume Preservation in the Neural Axis.- Comparison of Pressure Volume Indices Obtained with Constant Rate and Bolus Infusions.- Static and Dynamic Cerebrospinal Elastance — Clinical Verification.- Elastic Properties of the Cerebrospinal System and Hydrodynamic of the CSF in Patients with Intracranial Hypertension.- Session III: Resistance to CSF Outflow Chairmen: A. Marmarou and H. Portnoy.- How Does the Craniospinal System Cope with a Disturbance of Its Volume?.- Validity of Measurements of CSF Outflow Resistance Estimated by the Bolus Injection Method.- Comparison of CSF Formation and Outflow Resistance Measured by Ventriculo-Cisternal Perfusion and Volume Manipulation Techniques.- CSF Outflow Resistance: No Current Model is Satisfactory.- Shunt Dependent Hydrocephalus: Pressure Volume Characterization and Altered CSF Outflow Resistance.- Resistance to Outflow of Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Determinant of the Intracranial Pressure.- Radioisotopic Observations on Volume Changes in Cranial Versus Spinal CSF in Response to Intracranial Pressure Changes. A Clinical Study.- Labile Sagittal Sinus Pressures in the Cat.- Session IV: Causes of Increased ICP: Autonomic, Vascular Chairmen: A.D. Mendelow and J.T. Hoff.- The Vasodilatory Cascade and Intracranial Pressure.- Clinical Evidence of Compressed Lacunar Veins Causing Plateau Waves.- Cerebral Blood Volume as Another Cause of Intracranial Hypertension Following Cold-Induced Edema.- The Role of the Central Monoamine System and the Cholinoceptive Pontine Area on the Oscillation of ICP ‘Pressure Waves’.- Pressure Wave-Like Changes in ICP Produced by Electric Stimulation of the Brainstem, Hypothalamus and Cerebral Cortex in Cats.- Determinants of Intracranial Pressure Rebound After Brain Compression.- Direct Observation of Autonomic Nerve Activity in Experimental Acute Brain Swelling.- Session V: Methods of Measurement Chairmen: M. Brock and J. Van Eijndhoven.- A Comparison Between Three Methods of ICP Recording.- Clinical Evaluation of the Gaeltec ICT/b Pressure Transducer Placed Subdurally.- Multiple Simultaneous Recordings of ICP in Patients with Acute Mass Lesions.- Intracerebral Versus Intraventricular Pressure Recording.- The Pressure Depth Curve in Anterior Fontanelle Pressure Monitoring.- Intracranial Balloon Catheter for ICP and Pressure/Volume Monitoring.- Difficulties in Interpretation of Extradural Pressure (EDP). Measurement in Acutely Raised Intracranial Pressure (ICP).- The Rotterdam Teletransducer: Telemetric Epidural Pressure Monitoring -Results of Comparative EDP-VFP Measurements.- The Effect of Position on Ventricular Pressure in Shunted and Unshunted Individuals. A Telemetric Study.- A. Device for Prolonged Continuous Epidural ICP Measurement.- Clinical Evaluation of the Cosman ICP Telesensor in Children.- Estimation of Cerebral Perfusion Pressure from Arterial Blood Pressure and Transcranial Doppler Recordings.- Combined Intracranial Pressure and Multilevel Continuous Local Cerebral Blood Flow Monitoring: Local Perfusion Fluctuations.- Non Invasive Evaluations of Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Blood Flow, Vascular Compliance and Oxygen Consumption Using Laser Infrared Spectroanalysis and the Skull Impedance Plethysmographic Method.- Routine Computerized Neuromonitoring.- Session VI: Pulse Wave Form Analysis Chairmen: J.O. Rowan and C.J. Avezaat.- Frequency Response in Clinical Pressure Measuring Systems.- Pulse Wave Analysis During Progressive Intracranial Hypertension.- Development of a Clinical Monitoring System by Means of ICP Waveform Analysis.- Influence of Intracranial Components on the Intracranial Pressure Pulse Wave (ICP-PW). (Comparison of ICP-PW in Communicating and Non-Communicating Hydrocephalus).- System Analysis of Pressure Transmission in the Intracranial Cavity.- Influences of the Arterial and Venous Pressure Wave on the CSF Pulse Wave.- An Analysis of the Epidural Pulse Waveform in Neurosurgical Patients.- Some Observations on the Relationship Between Cerebral Pulse Amplitude and ICP in Patients with Intracranial Hypertension.- Oscillations of ICP Related to Cardiovascular Parameters.- The Correlation Between A- and B-Waves and Arterial C02 Tension.- Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics in Patients with Plateau Waves.- Session VII: Consequences of Raised ICP: Structural, Functional, Vascular Chairman: M. Gaab.- Structural.- Topographic Analysis of Mechanopathophysiological Alteration in Brain Tissue Produced Intracranial Hypertension.- Local Shift of the Brain and Its Relation to the Tentorial Edge.- Functional — Electrophysiology.- The Effect of an Acute Rise in ICP on the Primary Somatosensory Pathway.- Auditory Brain Stem Responses in Uncal Herniation.- The Effects of an Expanding Supratentorial Mass on Auditory Brain Stem Responses in Baboons.- Studies of Brain Stem Evoked Potentials in Relation to Brain Shifting During Raised Intracranial Pressue Induced by a Frontal Balloon and a Temporal Balloon.- Electroencephalographs Changes During Pressure Waves of ICP Following Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.- Auditory Brain Stem Evoked Response in Increased Intracranial Pressure Produced by Infusion Method in Cats.- Electrophysiological Findings During Increased Intracranial Pressure: A Clinical Study.- Changes in Electrophysiological and Metabolic Indices of Brain Activity Associated with Elevated Intracranial Pressure and Transtentorial Herniation.- Relationships of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow. Evoked Potential Responses, and Systemic Hemodynamics During Intracranial Hypertension.- Relationship Between Cerebral Blood Flow and Somatosensory Evoked Potential in Increased Intracranial Pressure in Cats.- The Effects of Secondary Insults on Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) Intracranial Pressure (ICP) and Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SEP) in Head Injured Cats.- Mechanisms of the Cushing Response.- Pulmonary Responses to Acutely Elevated Intracranial Pressure in Dogs.- Autoregulation of Cerebral Blood Flow with Intracranial Hypertension: Effect of Hypoxia.- Continuous Measurement of Local Cerebral Blood Volume by Reflectance Photometry.- Cerebrovascular Response to Elevated Intracranial Pressure.- Intracranial Volume Load Tolerance.- Session VIII: Hydrocephalus/CSF Circulation Chairmen: F. Gjerris and M. Pollay.- Measurement of Conductance to Cerebrospinal Fluid Outflow by the Steady-State Perfusion Method in Patients with Normal or Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow After Pressure Infusion Cisternography in Patients with Communicating Hydrocephalus.- CSF Circulation in Hydrocephalus. A Study of CSF Flow in a Shunt System.- Hydrocephalic Edema: Accessory CSF Absorption of Passive Response to Ventricular Enlargement.- Behavior of the Cisterna Magna ICP in Traumatic Coma Patients.- Rhythmic Brain Movement and Density Variations Shown by Rapid Sequential CT Scanning in the Human Subject.- Biomechanics and a Theoretical Model of Hydrocephalus: Application of the Finite Element Method.- Benign Intracranial Hypertension and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Theoretical Considerations.- Intracranial Pressure (ICP) and Positron Emission Tomographic (PET) Studies in Acute and Chronic Hydrocephalus.- Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization in Congenital Hydrocephalic Rats by Means of the (14C)-Deoxyglucose Method.- Regional Cerebral Protein Synthesis in Experimental Hydrocephalus.- Visual Evoked Potentials in Patients with Hydrocephalus or Intracranial Hypertension.- The Role of Hydrocephalus in Producing Clinical Deterioration After Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture.- Intracranial Pressure and Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Communicating Hydrocephalus Following Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture.- CSF Drainage and Intracranial Pressure After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.- “Empty Sella” and Benign Intracranial Hypertension: Endocrine and CSF Dynamic Study.- Stimulation of Cyclic Adenosine 3, 5-Monophosphate Formation in Rabbit Choroid Plexus by Beta-Receptor Agonists and Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.- Ontogeny of Sympathetic Nerves and Transport Functions in the Rabbit Choroid Plexus.- Effect of Cerebroventricular Infusion of Vasopressin on Intracranial Pressure, Blood Pressure and Plasma Vasopressin.- Intracranial Pressure in Experimental Streptococcus Pneumoniae Meningitis in Rabbits.- Session IX: Haemorrhage, Ischemia and Other Focal Lesions Chairmen: A. Baethmann and H.A. Crockard.- Experimental Intracerebral Haemorrhage: Intracranial Pressure Changes and Cerebral Blood Flow.- The Influence of Systemic Hypertension on Intracranial Pressure and Edema Formation in Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage.- Investigation of Cerebral Perfusion Pressure and Edema Formation in a Hypertonic Saline Model of Cerebral Edema.- Immunohistochemical Investigation in Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) and Its Correlation with Findings in Clinical Studies.- Vasogenic Brain Edema and Intracranial Pressure in Experimental Carbon Dioxide Laser Brain Lesions.- Photoactivation of Hematoporphyrin Derivative in Cat Brain: A Model of Ischemic Necrosis.- Response of ICP, CBF and ECoG to Cerebral Administration of Kinins.- The Role of Cellular Calcium Entry in Spontaneous and Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.- Changes of Capillary Permeability in Experimental Brain Tumor.- Segmental Vascular Resistance and C02 Reactivity After Global Cerebral Ischemia.- Brain Tissue Pressure in Focal Cerebral Ischemia with and without Reperfusion.- Session X: Therapy I: Osmotic and Other Agents Chairmen: S. Ishii and J.W.F. Beks.- Effects of Mannitol on Tissue Pressure in Focal Cerebral Ischemia.- How does Mannitol Reduce Edema Water in Focal Cerebral Ischemia?.- The Effect of Mannitol on the Water Content of White Matter after Head Injury in Man.- The Effect of Intravenous Mannitol on Cat Pial Arteries and Veins During Normal and Elevated Intracranial Pressure.- Intracranial Pressure Changes Following a Bolus Infusion of Mannitol at Various Levels of PaC02 in Normal Dogs and Dogs with Experimentally Induced Intracranial Hypertension.- The Effect of Furosemide on Intracranial Pressure and Cerebrospinal Fluid Formation.- Analysis of the Intracranial Response to Mannitol and Furosemide.- The Combined Use of Mannitol and Furosemide in Treatment of Elevated Intracranial Pressure: Timing, Dosage and Delivery.- Effect of Steroids on the Resolution Process of Edema.- A Study of Potassium Canrenoate on Raised Intracranial Pressure and on the Metabolism of Electrolytes and Hormones.- Reduction in Cerebrospinal Fluid Transport Mediated by Lead Acetate In Vitro in the Superior Sagittal Sinus of the Dog.- Reduction of Intracranial Pressure with Anticoagulation in Patients with Venous Sinus Thrombosis.- Session XI: Head Injury and Other Clinical Uses of ICP Monitoring Chairmen: D.P. Becker and H. Naga.- Role of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in the Management of Occult Traumatic Intradural Hematoma.- The Application of ICP Monitoring in Deciding Surgical Management.- Cerebral Blood Flow Changes in Hypertensive Intracerebral Hematoma.- Pressure-Volume Dynamics in Head-Injured Patients: A Preliminary Study.- Changes of Glasgow Coma Score and ICP During the Development of Acute Epidural Hematoma.- Pupillary Abnormalities, Elevated Intracranial Pressure and Mass Lesion Location.- The Relationship Between Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Perfusion Pressure and Outcome in Head Injured Patients: The Critical Level of Cerebral Perfusion Pressure.- Impact of Cerebral Perfusion Pressure on Survival Following Head Trauma.- Clinical Analysis of Intracranial Hypertension in Severe Head Injury.- Increased ICP and Systemic Hypotension During the First 72 Hours Following Severe Head Injury.- Local Basal Ganglia and Brain Stem Blood Flow in the Head Injured Patient Using Stable Xenon Enhanced CT Scanning.- Correlation of Acute ICP and CBF with CT Scan and Neuropsychological Recovery in Severe Head Injury.- The Influence of Intracranial Pressure and Clinico-Neurological Findings on Outcome in Patients with Diencephalic Tumors.- Clinical Experience of 780 Cases of Postoperative ICP Monitoring.- Nursing and ICP: Studies of Two Clinical Problems: Study 1: Effects of Passive Turning and Lateral Neck Flexion.- Study 2: Effects of Touching and Talking in Children.- The Problems of Averaging ICP Records by Eye.- Intracranial Pressure in the Early Stage after SAH.- Session XII: Therapy II: Anesthesia, Pharmacology and Cerebral Metabolic Depressants Chairmen: S.L. Galbraith and S. Cote.- ICP and CBF Reactivity to Isoflurane and Nitrous Oxide During Normocarbia, Hypocarbia and Intracranial Hypertension.- Effect of Isoflurane on Intracranial Pressure in Patients with Intracranial Mass Lesions.- Isoflurane and Intracranial Pressure.- Effects of Etomidate, Sodium Pentothal and Lidocaine on Cerebral Elastance.- Elimination of Ventilator-Related ICP Fluctuations by Special Techniques of Artificial Ventilation.- Intracranial Pressure and Other Variables During Simultaneous Ventilation Compression Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.- Control of Intracranial Pressure in Traumatic Brain Injury. Our Experience with Gammahydroxybutyric Acid or Thiopental and Fentanyl.- The Effects of Gammahydroxybutyrate and Sodium Thiopentone on Intracranial Pressure in Severe Head Injury.- Cerebral Vasoconstriction with Fluosol DA as a Means of Acutely Reducing ICP.- The Effect of Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on Intracranial Pressure and Outcome After Severe Head Injury.- Failure of Prophylactic Barbiturate Coma in the Prevention of Death Due to Uncontrollable Intracranial Hypertension in Patients with Severe Head Injury.- The Outcome with Barbiturate Therapy in Severe Head Injuries.- Treatment for Severe Head Injury. A Comparative Study of Nizofenone and Barbiturate.- Summaries.- Progress in the Analysis of Intracranial Pressure Dynamics.- Raised ICP in Head Injury, Its Significance, Causes, and Therapy.