Atlas of Bone Scintigraphy in the Pathological Paediatric Skeleton: Under the Auspices of the Paediatric Committee of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine

ISBN-13: 9783642646751 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 343 str.

Isky Gordon;Sibylle Fischer;Klaus Hahn

Opis

indicates that the practice of paediatric nuclear medicine has matured. There are several general paediatric nuclear medicine text books avai lable, but none which specifically addresses the use of radionuc1ides for musculoskeletal disorders. Yet, approximately one third of all paediatric nuclear medicine studies are of the musculoskeletal system. It is therefore timely that a publication specifically related to the largest organ system of the body be available to describe the rational use of paediatric bone scinti graphy and to ensure the quality of those studies. Formal training in paediatric nuclear medicine is limited for most prac titioners of nuclear medicine. As a consequence, paediatric diseases and their appearances on bone scintigraphy are familiar only to the practi tioner and technologist who encounter children on a daily basis. In addi tion, the technical requirements for quality radionuclide imaging in child ren are more demanding and are less well understood. The size of children varies significantly which poses technical difficulties for those with limit ed training and experience in the subspecialty of paediatric nuclear medi cine."

Spis treści

1: Introduction.- 2: Infection.- 2.1 Typical Hot Lesion in Bone.- 2.1.1 Lower Limbs.- 2.1.2 Upper Limbs.- 2.2 Less Common Appearances.- 2.2.1 Normal Scan Going on to Abnormal.- 2.2.2 Single Bone with Increased and Decreased Uptake.- 2.2.3 Acute Osteomyelitis, Cold Lesions Only.- 2.2.4 Acute Multifocal Osteomyelitis.- 2.2.5 Chronic Infection, Not Tuberculosis.- 2.2.6 Tuberculosis.- 2.3 Unusual Sites, Excluding the Long Bones.- 2.3.1 Skull.- 2.3.2 Thorax.- 2.3.3 Spine.- 2.3.4 Pelvis.- 2.3.5 Feet.- 2.4 Non-skeletal Infection.- 2.5 Growth Arrest.- 3: Arthritis.- 3.1 Septic Arthritis.- 3.1.1 Typical Appearances.- 3.1.2 Multifocal Arthritis.- 3.1.3 Osteomyelitis as a Complication of Septic Arthritis.- 3.2 Aseptic Arthritis.- 3.2.1 Inflammatory Arthritis.- 3.2.2 Irritable Hip.- 4: Tumours.- 4.1 Benign Tumours.- 4.1.1 Osteoid Osteoma.- 4.1.2 Osteoblastoma.- 4.1.3 Benign Fibrous Cortical Defect.- 4.1.4 Bone Cysts.- 4.1.4.1 Simple Bone Cysts.- 4.1.4.2 Fractures in a Simple Bone Cyst.- 4.1.4.3 Aneurysmal Bone Cysts.- 4.2 Malignant Tumours.- 4.2.1 Skeletal Sarcoma.- 4.2.1.1 Ewing’s Sarcoma.- 4.2.1.2 Osteogenic Sarcoma.- 4.2.1.3 Chondrosarcoma.- 4.2.2 Neuroectodermal Tumours.- 4.2.2.1 Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumours.- 4.2.2.2 Neuroblastoma.- 4.2.2.3 Phaeochromocytoma.- 4.2.1 Reticular Endothelial System Malignancy.- 4.2.3.1 Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.- 4.2.3.2 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.- 4.2.3.3 Leukaemia.- 4.2.3.4 Myelofibrosis.- 4.2.2 Other Tumours.- 4.2.4.1 Rhabdomyosarcoma.- 4.2.4.2 Germ Cell Tumour.- 4.2.4.3 Synovioma.- 4.2.4.4 Soft Tissue Sarcoma.- 4.3 Tumour Secondaries.- 4.3.1 Effect of Treatment.- 4.3.2 Metastases.- 4.4 Langerhans’ Histiocytosis.- 5: Trauma.- 5.1 Appearances at Common Sites.- 5.1.1 Skull and Face.- 5.1.2 Thorax and Shoulder.- 5.1.3 Upper Limbs.- 5.1.4 Spine.- 5.1.5 Femur.- 5.1.6 Fibula.- 5.1.7 Feet.- 5.2 Unusual Appearances or Locations of Fractures.- 5.2.1 Stress Fracture.- 5.2.2 Slipped Femoral Capital Epiphysis.- 5.2.3 Spondylolisthesis.- 5.2.4 Trauma Secondary to Cold Exposure.- 5.3 Diffuse Skeletal Involvement.- 5.3.1 Polytrauma.- 5.3.2 Battered Child.- 5.4 Complication of Trauma.- 5.4.1 Pseudarthrosis.- 5.4.2 Infection with Trauma.- 5.4.3 Soft Tissue Damage.- 5.4.4 Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy — Sudeck’s Atrophy.- 5.4.5 Necrosis of Bone.- 5.4.6 Growth Arrest.- 5.5 Bone Response to Underlying Pathology.- 5.5.1 Pathological Fracture.- 5.5.2 Response to Pressure.- 5.6 Post-operative Appearances.- 5.7 Effect of Radiotherapy.- 6: Osteochondritis Dissecans — Avascular Necrosis.- 6.1 Legg-Perthes’ Disease.- 6.2 Other Sites of Osteochondritis Dissecans.- 6.3 Sickle Cell Disease.- 7: Miscellaneous.- 7.1 Dysplasia.- 7.1.1 Fibrous Dysplasia.- 7.1.2 Hemihypertrophy.- 7.1.3 Osteogenesis Imperfecta.- 7.1.4 Neurofibromatosis.- 7.1.5 Craniodiaphyseal Dysplasia.- 7.1.6 Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia.- 7.1.7 Osteopetrosis.- 7.1.8 Camurati-Engelmann Disease.- 7.1.9 Mucolipoidosis.- 7.2 Chondromata.- 7.2.1 Enchondromata.- 7.2.2 Exostoses.- 7.3 Blount’s Disease.- 7.4 Gaucher’s Disease.- 7.5 Scoliosis.- 7.6 The Sick Child.- 7.7 Disuse Arthropathy.- 7.8 Muscular Disorders.- 7.9 Growth Arrest.- 8: Unusual Appearances of the Bone-Seeking Tracer.- 8.1 Kidney and Collecting System.- 8.1.1 Kidney Obstruction.- 8.1.2 Retention of Tracer.- 8.1.2.1 Malignancy and / or Effect of Drugs.- 8.1.2.2 Sickle Cell Disease.- 8.1.2.3 Septicaemia.- 8.1.2.4 Post-trauma Retention.- 8.1.2.5 The Sick Child.- 8.1.2.6Isotope in Ureter.- 8.1.3 Positional Abnormality.- 8.1.4 Bladder.- 8.2 Lung Uptake.- 8.3 Splenic Uptake.- 8.4 Brain Uptake.- 8.5 Soft Tissue Calcification.- 8.6 Isotope Artefact.- 8.6.1 Injection Artefact.- 8.6.2 Urine Contamination.- 8.6.3 Foreign Body Artefact.- 8.6.4 Free Pertechnetate.- 8.6.5 Positional Abnormalities.

O autorze

Sibylle Fischer, BA Pädagogik der Frühen Kindheit, Fachwirtin für Kitas, gibt Fortbildungen für Erzieherinnen und arbeitet als wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin an der Evangelischen Hochschule Freiburg. Pastor Klaus Hahn ist Pädagoge und langjähriger Redaktionsleiter und Herausgeber der Schriftenreihe KU Praxis. Er ist Dozent am Predigerseminar in Bad Kreuznach/Wuppertal.

Blurb

This atlas covers both the common pathologies affecting the paediatric skeleton as well as unusual pathology. Variations in the appearances of osteomyelitis have been extensively illustrated, including usual and unusual bone involvement. The images illustrated include whole body scanning, gamma camera high resolution spot images, pin holw images and SPECT. Three phase bone scans are also illustrated. Indications for the use of each type of bone scan is covered in the text. The majority of the cases illustrated are recomparied by either a Teaching Point or a Technical Comment. There is extensive cross reference pointing the similar appearances of different pathologies as seen on radioisotope bone scintigraphy. a comprehensive subject index makes it easier to find special items in the book. Extensive coverage of the Tc99m bone seeking tracer in non osseos sites is illustrated. Whilest this covers mainly the kidney, other sites are included. The atlas will allow the paediatrician, the orthopaedic surgeon, the radiologist and the nuclear medicine physician to compare the radioisotope bone scan of his/her patient with illustrations in this atlas, there increasing the physicians confidence of the final diagnosis.