Phytoplasma: Methods and Protocols

ISBN-13: 9781627030885 / Angielski / Twarda / 2012 / 421 str.

Matt Dickinson; Jennifer Hodgetts

Opis

Phytoplasmas are a group of bacteria that are capable of multiplying and causing severe diseases in a wide range of plant species and are transported between plants by insect vectors in which the bacteria can also multiply. Phytoplasmas can cause serious and devastating problems for crop plants, especially in developing countries. In Phytoplasmas: Methods and Protocols experts in the field cover topics pertinent to scientists intending to develop a research program on phytoplasmas. The volume opens with an introductory chapter on the importance of phytoplasma diseases, followed by methods for detection and diagnosis as well as techniques for separating and classifying the phytoplasmas into their different taxonomic groups and subgroups. The final chapters cover methods for separating phytoplasma genomic and plasmid DNA from plant DNA for whole genome sequencing. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Authoritative and easily accessible, Phytoplasmas: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide to plant pathologists and molecular biologists aiming to set up a diagnostics facility for identifying the presence of these pathogens in plants or their insect vectors.

Spis treści

1. The Phytoplasmas - An Introduction

                Matt Dickinson, Melanie Tuffen, and Jennifer Hodgetts

 

2. Techniques for the Maintenance and Propagation of Phytoplasmas in Glasshouse Collections of Catharanthus roseus

                Jennifer Hodgetts, David Crossley, and Matt Dickinson

 

3. Micropropagation and Maintenance of Phytoplasmas in Tissue Culture

                Assunta Bertaccini, Samanta Paltrinieri, Marta Martini, Mara Tedeschi, and Nicoletta Contaldo   

 

4. Dodder Transmission of Phytoplasmas

Jaroslava Přibylová and Josef Špak

 

5. Insect Maintenance and Transmission

                Heather Kingdom

 

6. Capturing Insect Vectors of Phytoplasmas

                Phyllis Weintraub and Jürgen Gross

 

7. Insect Vector Transmission Assays

                Domenico Bosco and Rosemarie Tedeschi

 

8. Molecular Identification of Phytoplasma Vector Species

                Sabrina Bertin and Domenico Bosco       

 

9. Dienes’ Staining and Light Microscopy for Phytoplasma Visualization

                Rita Musetti      

 

10. DAPI Staining and Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques for Phytoplasmas

                Nancy S. Andrade and Nolberto S. Arismendi

               

11. Visualisation of Phytoplasmas using Electron Microscopy

                B. Jean Devonshire

 

12. Automated DNA Extraction for Large Numbers of Plant Samples

                Nataša Mehle, Petra Nikolić, Matevž Rupar, Jana Boben, Maja Ravnikar, and Marina Dermastia

 

13. DNA Extraction from Arborescent Monocots and How To Deal With Other Challenging Hosts

                Nigel A. Harrison, Robert E. Davis, and Ericka E. Helmick

 

14. Nested PCR and RFLP Analysis Based on the 16S rRNA Gene

                Bojan Duduk, Samantha Paltrinieri, Ing Ming Lee, and Assunta Bertaccini

 

15. PCR and RFLP Analyses Based on the Ribosomal Protein Operon

                Marta Martini and Ing-Ming Lee

 

16. Tuf and secY PCR Amplification and Genotyping of Phytoplasmas

                Xavier Foissac, Jean-Luc Danet, Sylvie Malembic-Maher, Pascal Salar, Dana Šafářová, Pavla Válová, and Milan Navrátil

 

17. PCR Analysis of Phytoplasmas Based on the secA Gene

                Matt Dickinson and Jennifer Hodgetts

 

18. Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism Analysis for Differentiating Phytoplasma Strains

                Martina Šeruga Musić and Dijana Škorić

 

19. Microarrays for Universal Detection and Identification of Phytoplasmas

                Mogens Nicolaisen, Henriette Nyskjold, and Assunta Bertaccine

 

20. T-RFLP for Detection and Identification of Phytoplasmas in Plants

                Jennifer Hodgetts and Matt Dickinson

 

21. Real-Time PCR for Universal Phytoplasma Detection and Quantification

                Nynne Meyn Christensen, Henriette Nyskjold, and Mogens Nicolaisen

 

22. A Real-Time PCR Detection System for the Bois Noir and Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasmas and Quantification of the Target DNA

                Nataša Mehle, Nina Prezelj, Matjaž Hren, Jana Boben, Kristina Gruden, Maja Ravnikar, and Marina Dermastia

 

23. Real-Time PCR for Specific Detection of Three Phytoplasmas from the Apple Proliferation Group

                Nataša Mehle, Petra Nikolić, Kristina Gruden, Maja Ravnikar, and Marina Dermastia

 

24. Reverse Transcription-PCR for Phytoplasma Detection Utilizing Crude Sap Extractions

                Paola Margaria and Sabrina Palmano

 

25. In-Field Diagnostics Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)

                Jenny Tomlinson

 

26. DNA Bar-Coding for Phytoplasma Identification

                Olga Makarova, Nicoletta Contaldo, Samanta Paltrinieri, Assunta Bertaccini, Henriette Nyskjold, and Mogens Nicolaisen

 

27. Phylogenetic Analyses of Phytoplasmas Based on Whole-Genome Comparison

                Hiromi Nishida

 

28. The iPhyClassifier, An Interactive Online Tool for Phytoplasma Classification and Taxonomic Assignment

                Yan Zhao, Wei Wei, Ing-Ming Lee, Jonathan Shao, Xiaobing Suo, and Robert E. Davis

 

29. Phytoplasma Proteomic Analysis

                Xianling Ji and Yingping Gai

 

30. Preparation of Phytoplasma Membrane Recombinant Proteins

                Luciana Galetto, Majid Siampour, and Cristina Marzachì

 

31. Phytoplasma Plasmid DNA Extraction

                Mark T. Andersen and Lia W. Liefting

 

32. Caesium Chloride-Bisbenzimide Gradients for Separation of Phytoplasma and Plant DNA

                Lucy T.T. Tran-Nguyen and Bernd Schneider

 

33. Pulsed-Field Gel Elecrophoresis for Isolation of Full-Length Phytoplasma Chromosomes From Plants

                Carmine Marcone

 

34. Mapping the Phytoplasma Chromosome

                Sylvie Malembic-Maher and Patricia Carle