Emission Control from Industrial Boilers

ISBN-13: 9781566761826 / Angielski / Twarda / 1994 / 204 str.

Howard E. Hesketh; Quigley T. Quigley; John T. Quigley

Opis

From the Preface
The Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990 significantly affect commercial and industrial combustion devices such as boilers, incinerators, and other burners. Under the new emission regulations already promulgated and those being developed, compliance will require improved equipment, more detailed operator training, new permits, more complex monitoring and reporting, as well as other requirements. All emissions must be considered, e.g., particulates and gases (acid, organic, hazardous, NOx, ozone).
Many industrial boiler plants have been retrofitted to change fuel and/or combustion operating conditions as a means to meet new air pollution control requirements. New regulations will continue to be developed by the CAAA of 1990 that will require changes to other boilers and combustion systems. This book is intended to acquaint industry with the equipment and operating options that are available to reduce emissions while controlling costs. Specific topics are addressed, including regulatory requirements, boiler and burner equipment retrofits, combustion modification, air emission control and monitoring equipment selection, maintenance, and cost. The twelve chapters of this book are written by seven different authors. The authors use fifty-two figures and forty-four tables to help explain the written text and to make it more interesting and useful to readers.

Spis treści

PrefaceAcknowledgementsThe Clean Air Act Background Coexisting with the CAAA The CAA Amendments of 1990 Title I: Non-Attainment Provisions Title III: Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) Title IV: Acid Rain Title V: Operating Permits Title VI: EnforcementPermitting Procedures Overview Emission Limits Construction Permits-New Source Review Operation Permits Compliance Demonstration New RequirementsTypes of Boiler Systems and Combustion Fundamentals Introduction Air Pollution Considerations The Spreader Stoker Waste Heat Boilers Small Boilers Comparative Data for System Air Pollution Controls with and without Waste Heat Boilers Combustion Fundamentals for Fuels with Air Convenient Correlation DataCompliance Testing The Source Test Typical Stack Sampling Test Plan Example Test Plan Modified Method 5 Test Method for Condensible Particulate Example Outline of a Stack Test Report Standard and Specialized Testing Continuous Monitors Combustion Gas MonitoringSurvey of Air Pollution Control Techniques Introduction Data Required for Air Pollution Control Systems Comparison of Control Devices Specifications for Wet Scrubber Systems Type of Control SystemsCyclonic Dust Collectors Introduction The Inlet The Body Section The Cone Section The Receiver or Spinout The Outlet Pipe/Vortex Finder Cyclone Myths Cost Considerations Space Requirements Cyclones Compared to Other Control Devices Cyclone Troubleshooting Gas Conditions at Collector InletPrinciples of Wet Scrubbers Introduction Systems Particle Size Coal-Fired Boiler Scrubber Characteristics Atomization Particle Control Mechanisms Venturi Scrubbers Countercurrent and Cross-Flow Scrubbers Waste Energy Powered Scrubbers Unique Scrubbers General Information Mist Elimination/Separation Operating Characteristics Wet Scrubbing SystemsPrinciples of Dry Scrubbers Introduction Chemistry for Acid Gas Control Dry Scrubbers Retrofit for Boiler Systems Specifications Cost FactorsPrinciples of Operation of Fabric Filters History Theory of Operation Components of a Baghouse Types of Fabric Filters Side Stream Systems Critical Design Issues SummaryThe Cost of Control and Retrofits Introduction Generalized Equipment Costs Cost Extrapolation Estimating Capital Cost from Purchase Cost Annual Operating Costs ReferencesDisposal of Residuals from Industrial Boilers Types of Residuals Legal Classification of Residuals Handling and Transporting Ash Ash Disposal Ash as a Building Material Wastewater ManagementCombustion and Environmental Emission Monitoring Introduction Fail Safety Predicting Flue Gas Quantity and Composition Stack Sampling Continuous Emission Monitoring Some Possible System Components and CostsIndex

O autorze

John T. Quigley, Frank L. Cross Jr., Howard D. Hesketh