Women at the Margins : Neglect, Punishment, and Resistance

ISBN-13: 9781560239710 / Angielski / Twarda / 2002 / 462 str.

Josefina Figueira-McDonough

Opis

In order to advocate the end of the punitive and coercive Temporary Assistance to Needy Families Program and reinstate the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program, social scientists explore how welfare and prison increase the dual control of women and distort their strength; blockages to autonomy; gender, age, and health interactions; bad w

Spis treści

• About the Editors
• Contributors
• Foreword
• Acknowledgments
• Introduction to Art and Women at the Margins
• Why Art?
• Chapter 1. Increasing Inequality: The Ascendancy of Neoconservatism and Institutional Exclusion of Poor Women
• The Laissez-Faire Myth, the Neoconservatives, and the Liberal Model of Welfare
• The American Gulag: Extending the Net of Control
• The Added Oppression of Women Behind Bars
• Neglect, Punishment, and Resistance of Marginalized Women
• Section I: Increasing the Dual Control of Women and Distorting Their Strength
• Chapter 2. Welfare Reform: Tightening the Screws
• Welfare in “Crisis”: 1960s-1996
• The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA)
• The Work-First Strategy
• The Future
• Chapter 3. The Forgotten Group: Women in Prisons and Jails
• Introduction
• Background
• Women and Crime
• Behavior and Attitudes of Women in Prison
• History of the Incarceration of Women
• Characteristics of Female Offenders
• Conclusions and Recommendations
• Chapter 4. The Storm Is Passing Over: Marginalized African-American Women
• African Cultural Legacies
• Demographic Changes
• Family Structure
• Roles of Males in Families
• Marginalization and Urban Sprawl
• The Passing Storm
• Section II: Blockages to Autonomy
• Chapter 5. The Controllers and the Controlled
• The Controllers and the Controlled in Political-Economic Context
• Forms and Context of Control
• Policy Framework of Control: Personal Responsibility and TANF
• Practice Framework of Control: Welfare Workers and Welfare Recipients
• Policy Framework of Control: The Get-Tough Policy
• Practice Framework of Control: Relations Between Guards and Prisoners
• Prospects for the Future
• Chapter 6. Welfare Reform Now That We Know It: Enforcing Women’s Poverty and Preventing Self-Sufficency
• The Centrality of Motherhood and Family Preservation
• Mothers, Work, and Welfare: Not a New Combination
• The Impact of the 1996 Welfare Reform: Work Requirements and Time Limits
• Evaluating the Economic Resources of Families Post-Welfare
• Chapter 7. Low-Income Women and Housing: Where Will They Live?
• Roots of the Crisis: Structural and Personal Factors
• Affordable Housing Programs
• The Housing Affordability Squeeze
• Housing Is a Women’s Issue
• Section III: Gender, Age, and Health Interactions
• Chapter 8. Triple Jeopardy: Women Marginalized by Substance Abuse, Poverty, and Incarceration
• Introduction
• Vicious Cycles and Downward Spirals
• Substance Use and Abuse Among Women: Closing the Gender Gap
• Differences in the “Addiction Careers” of Men and Women
• Policies of Neglect and Punishment Toward Women with Substance Abuse Problems
• Bringing an End to Vicious Cycles and Downward Spirals
• Finding the Will to Change Women’s Lives
• Chapter 9. Life at the Margins: Older Women Living in Poverty
• Demographic Trends for the Aging Female Population
• The Gender of Poverty in America’s Aging Population
• Aging in Prison: Focus on the Older Female Prisoner
• Special Needs of the Older Female Prisoner
• The Older Woman Offender and Recidivism
• Conclusion
• Chapter 10. Teenage Pregnancy: Mediating Rotten Outcomes and Improving Opportunities
• Teenage Motherhood in the United States
• Attitudes, Values, and Economics
• Theoretical Interpretations
• The Conflict of Developmental Issues and Policy
• Teenage Mothers and Welfare Reform
• Teenagers’ Prenatal Care Access: An Arizona Study
• Support Services for Teenage Parents
• Recommendation for Change to Health and Social Policy
• Section IV: Bad Women, Undeserving Mothers
• Chapter 11. Controlled and Excluded: Reproduction and Motherhood Among Poor and Imprisoned Women
• The Links: No Safe Place
• Excessive Punishment: The Sex and Gender Ta

O autorze

J Dianne Garner, Rosemary Sarri, Josefina Figueira-Mcdonough