Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols

ISBN-13: 9781493945139 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 442 str.

Richard Milner

Opis

Providing a selection of the key techniques that are used in characterizing cerebral angiogenesis, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols aims to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this important process. Divided into six parts, this detailed volume examines cerebral angiogenesis occurring in different scenarios, a variety of different models in which cerebral angiogenesis can be studied, methods to characterize and quantify angiogenic events as well as several different approaches to measure changes in cerebral blood flow, different approaches to investigate the role of specific candidate genes in cerebral angiogenesis, methods of therapeutically manipulating cerebral angiogenesis by gene delivery, and finally important approaches to examine cerebral angiogenic mechanisms in vitro. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their specific topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and decidedly practical, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols should be a vital resource for all researchers, both those new to this field as well as those looking to use more specialized and sophisticated techniques to examine blood vessel growth in the brain.

Spis treści

Part I: Overview of Cerebral Angiogenesis

 

1. Cerebral Angiogenesis During Development: Who’s Conducting the Orchestra?

            Ina M. Wittko-Schneider, Fabian T. Schneider, and Karl H. Plate

 

2. Cerebral Angiogenesis: A Realistic Therapy for Ischemic Disease?

            David A. Greenberg

 

3. Vascular Normalization in Cerebral Angiogenesis: Friend or Foe?

            Jisook Lee, Andrew Baird, and Brian P. Eliceiri

 

4. Pericytes and Adaptive Angioplasticity: The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK)

            Paula Dore-Duffy

 

Part II: Animal Models of Cerebral Angiogenesis

 

5. Analysis of Angiogenesis in the Developing Mouse Central Nervous System

            Nicole Ziegler, Karl H. Plate, and Stefan Liebner

 

6. Hypoxia-Induced Angiogenesis and Capillary Density Determination

            Constantinos P. Tsipis, Xiaoyan Sun, Kui Xu, and Joseph C. LaManna

 

7. The Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia

            Fudong Liu and Louise D. McCullough

 

8. A Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Characterizing Features of Vascular Cognitive Impairment

            Masafumi Ihara, Akihiko Taguchi, Takakuni Maki, Kazuo Washida, and Hidekazu Tomimoto

 

9. A Mouse Model of Permanent Focal Ischemia: Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

            Kristian P. Doyle and Marion S. Buckwalter

 

10. A Method of Inducing Global Cerebral Ischemia

            Gina Hadley, Michalis Papadakis, and Alastair M. Buchan

 

11. Induction of Cerebral Arteriogenesis in Mice

            André Duelsner, Nora Gatzke, Anja Bondke Persson, and Ivo R. Buschmann

 

12. Vessel Painting Technique for Visualizing the Cerebral Vascular Architecture of the Mouse

            Shea Hughes, Olkesankr Dashkin, and Richard Anthony DeFazio

 

13. Examining Cerebral Angiogenesis in Response to Physical Exercise

            Kiersten L. Berggren, Jacob J.M. Kay, and Rodney A. Swain

 

Part III: Methods of Examining Cerebral Angiogenesis

 

14. Histological Assessment of Angiogenesis in the Hypoxic Central Nervous System

            Moises Freitas-Andrade, Jacqueline Slinn, Claudie Charlebois, and Maria J. Moreno

 

15. Examining Vascular Remodeling in the Hypoxic Central Nervous System

            Amin Boroujerdi, Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, and Richard Milner

 

16. Analysis of Cerebral Angiogenesis in Human Glioblastomas

            Michel Mittelbronn, Peter Baumgarten, Patrick N. Harter, and Karl H. Plate

 

17. Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements Using MRI

            Eric R. Muir, Lora Talley Watts, Yash Vardhan Tiwari, Andrew Bresnen, and Timothy Q. Duong

 

18. Fluorescent Angiogenesis Models Using Gelfoam^® Implanted in Transgenic Mice Expressing Fluorescent Proteins

            Robert M. Hoffman

 

19. Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging to Measure Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow

            Ian R. Winship

 

20. Laser Doppler Flowmetry to Measure Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow

            Brad A. Sutherland, Tamer Rabie, and Alastair M. Buchan

 

Part IV: Determining the Role of Candidate Genes in Cerebral Angiogenesis

 

21. Defining the Role Of HIF and Its Downstream Mediators in Hypoxic-Induced Cerebral Angiogenesis

            Xiaoyan Sun, Constantinos P. Tsipis, Girriso F. Benderro, Kui Xu, and Joseph C. LaManna

 

22. Inducible Gene Deletion in Glial Cells to Study Angiogenesis in the Central Nervous System

            Hye Shin Lee and Joseph H. McCarty

 

23. Bone Marrow Chimera Experiments to Determine the Contribution of Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Cerebral Angiogenesis

            Marcia Regina Machein and Karl H. Plate

 

24. Novel Methods for Accurate Identification, Isolation, and Genomic Analysis of Symptomatic Micro-Environments in Atherosclerotic Arteries

            Mark Slevin, Maribel Baldellou, Elspeth Hill, Yvonne Alexander, Garry McDowell, Christopher Murgatroyd, Michael Carroll, Hans Degens, Jerzy Krupinski, Norma Rovira, Mohammad Chowdhury, Ferdinand Serracino-Inglott, and Lina Badimon

 

Part V: Stimulation of Cerebral Angiogenesis by Gene Delivery

 

25. Induction of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation in the Adult Mouse

            Wanqiu Chen, William L. Young, and Hua Su

 

26. Stimulation of Cerebral Angiogenesis by Gene Delivery

            Yaohui Tang, Yaning Li, Xiaojie Lin, Peng Miao, Yongting Wang, and Guo-Yuan Yang

 

27. Investigating the Role of Perlecan Domain V in Post-Ischemic Cerebral Angiogenesis

            Aileen Marcelo and Gregory Bix

 

Part VI: Methods to Study Cerebral Angiogenesis In Vitro

 

28. Isolation and Culture of Primary Mouse Brain Endothelial Cells

            Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, Amin Boroujerdi, and Richard Milner

 

29. Purification of Endothelial Cells from the Rat Brain

            Jinhua Luo, Xiangling Yin, Alma Sanchez, Debjani Tripathy, Joseph Martinez, and Paula Grammas

 

30. Generation of Primary Cultures of Bovine Brain Endothelial Cells and Setup of Co-Cultures with Rat Astrocytes

            Hans C. Helms and Birger Brodin

 

31. Isolation and Culture of Primary Pericytes from Mouse Brain

            Amin Boroujerdi, Ulrich Tigges, Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, and Richard Milner

 

32. Assays to Examine Endothelial Cell Migration, Tube Formation, and Gene Expression Profiles

            Shuzhen Guo, Josephine Lok, Yi Liu, Kazuhide Hayakawa, Wendy Leung, Changhong Xing, Xunming Ji, and Eng H. Lo

 

33. A Neurovascular Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro Model

            Christoph M. Zehendner, Robin White, Jana Hedrich, and Heiko J. Luhmann

 

34. In Vitro Models of the Blood-Brain Barrier

            Cathrin J. Czupalla, Stefan Liebner, and Kavi Devraj