Practical Quantum Computing for Developers: Programming Quantum Rigs in the Cloud Using Python, Quantum Assembly Language and IBM Qexperience

ISBN-13: 9781484242179 / Angielski / Miękka / 2018 / 346 str.

Vladimir Silva

Spis treści

Chapter 1: The Bizarre World of Quantum Mechanics

Quantum Realm to Einstein and Newton: We don’t need no stinky classical physics

Weird Things happen at Tiny Scales

Entanglement: Spooky Action at a Distance

Superposition of States

Architecture of a Quantum Computer

Fundamental Properties of a Quantum Computer

Superposition

Interference, Decoherence

What is a Qubit?

Single Gates

Bit Flip: The X Gate

Hadamard Gate (H)

Superposition Phase Change: Z, S, T Gates. 

Muti-Gates

Conditional gate (CNOT)

Massive Parallelism with Entanglement

Bell and GHZ States

Non-Clifford Gates

Visualize the Qubit with the Bloch Sphere

Programing Lingo

Exited States and Pauli Operators

Dirac Notation

Superposition and Decoherence

Chapter 2: Welcome to Big Blue’s Quantum Rig: The IBM QExperience

Getting your feet wet with IBM’s QExperience

Histograms: Basic Qubit representations

Quantum Composer and Scores

Basic Quantum Circuits

Experiment Editor

Programming Languages: QASM vs Python

Chapter 3: Start your Engines – Basic Algorithms

Complex Quantum Circuits and Unitary Transformations

Fourier Transform

Chapter 4: Exponential Speedups with the Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm

Motivation

Classical Solution

Chapter 5: Unstructured Search: Grover’s Algorithm

Motivation

Algorithm steps

Quantum oracle

Geometric proof

Algebraic proof

Extension with multiple targets

Chapter 6: Factorization with Shor’s algorithm

Simon's algorithm

Inspiration for Shor's algorithm

Complexity

Factorization Problem

Shor vs Number Field Sieve: Polynomial vs Exponential Speedups

Period of the Modular Exponent

Chapter 7: Public Experiments and Playground

Types of Qubits

Other Players – The Race is on

What’s Next

O autorze

Vladimir Silva participates in the IBM WebAhead technology think tank, and is a recognized expert in grid computing, neural nets, and artificial intelligence. He holds numerous IT certifications including OCP, MCSD, and MCP, and has written many technical articles for IBM developerWorks. His previous books include:  Grid Computing for Developers (Charles River Media), Practical Eclipse Rich Client Platform (Apress),  Pro Android Games (Apress), and Advanced Android 4 Games (Apress).

Blurb

Write algorithms and program in the new field of quantum computing. This book covers major topics such as the physical components of a quantum computer: qubits, entanglement, logic gates, circuits, and how they differ from a traditional computer. Also, Practical Quantum Computing for Developers discusses quantum computing in the cloud using IBM Q Experience including: the composer, quantum scores, experiments, circuits, simulators, real quantum devices, and more. You’ll be able to run experiments in the cloud on a real quantum device.

Furthermore, this book shows you how to do quantum programming using the QISKit (Quantum Information Software Kit), Python SDK, and other APIs such as QASM (Quantum Assembly). You’ll learn to write code using these languages and execute it against simulators (local or remote) or a real quantum computer provided by IBM’s Q Experience. Finally, you’ll learn the current quantum algorithms for entanglement, random number generation, linear search, integer factorization, and others. You’ll peak inside the inner workings of the Bell states for entanglement, Grover’s algorithm for linear search, Shor’s algorithm for integer factorization, and other algorithms in the fields of optimization, and more.

Along the way you’ll also cover game theory with the Magic Square, an example of quantum pseudo-telepathy where parties sharing entangled states can be observed to have some kind of communication between them. In this game Alice and Bob play against a referee. Quantum mechanics allows Alice and Bob to always win!

By the end of this book, you will understand how this emerging technology provides massive parallelism and significant computational speedups over classical computers, and will be prepared to program quantum computers which are expected to replace traditional computers in the data center.

You will:

• Use the Q Experience Composer, the first-of-its-kind web console to create visual programs/experiments and submit them to a quantum simulator or real device on the cloud
  
• Run programs remotely using the Q Experience REST API 
  
• Write algorithms that provide superior performance over their classical counterparts
  
• Build a Node.js REST client for authenticating, listing remote devices, querying information about quantum processors, and listing or running experiments remotely in the cloud
  
• Create a quantum number generator: The quintessential coin flip with a quantum twist
  
• Discover quantum teleportation: This algorithm demonstrates how the exact state of a qubit (quantum information) can be transmitted from one location to another, with the help of classical communication and quantum entanglement between the sender and receiver
  
• Peek into single qubit operations with the classic game of Battleships with a quantum twist
  
• Handle the counterfeit coin problem: a classic puzzle that consists of finding a counterfeit coin in a beam balance among eight coins in only two turns