Ego Identity: A Handbook for Psychosocial Research

ISBN-13: 9781461383321 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 391 str.

James E. Marcia; Alan S. Waterman; David R. Matteson

Opis

Ego Identity A Handbook for Psychosocial Research contains an integrated presentation of identity theory, literature reviews covering the hundreds of research studies on identity, a discussion of the techniques of interviewing for psychosocial constructs, and model Identity Status Interviews and scoring manuals for three age groups: early- and middle- adolescence, the college years and adulthood. Special attention is devoted to questions of the personality and social patterns associ ated with differing approaches to the task of identity formation, the processes and patterns of identity development, and the similarities and differences with which females and males form their sense of identity. Theory and research on Erikson's concept of intimacy is presented, including the Intimacy Status Interview and scoring manual. This handbook is also designed to serve as a model for those interested in developing and using interview techniques for any of the other Eriksonian stages of psychosocial development. This book is ideal for researchers of ego identity and intimacy, practitioners and graduate students in developmental, personality, and social psychology as well as to psychiatrists.

Spis treści

I Theory and Research in Identity and Intimacy.- 1 The Ego Identity Status Approach to Ego Identity.- Ego Identity.- The Identity Statuses.- Prologue.- 2 The Status of the Statuses: Research Review.- Personality Characteristics of the Identity Statuses: The Internalization of Self-Regulatory Processes.- Interactive Styles.- Developmental Aspects of the Identity Statuses.- Gender Differences in Identity Formation.- Cross-Cultural Research.- 3 Developmental Perspectives on Identity Formation: From Adolescence to Adulthood.- Developmental Hypotheses.- Research Evidence.- Conclusions.- 4 Differences Within and Between Genders: A Challenge to the Theory.- Identity Formation in Women: Impressionistic Data.- Identity Formation: Standardized Measures.- Social Support for Identity Development.- Beyond Gender Differences: Gender Roles and Meta-Decisions.- Within-Gender Differences and the Life Span.- Comparative Pathways: Studies with Both Genders and Several Domains.- Methodological Issues in the Study of Femininity, Masculinity, and the Identity Statuses.- Femininity, Masculinity, and the Identity Process.- Summary, Hypotheses, and Theoretical Directions.- Suggestions for Future Studies.- A Fear and a Hope.- 5 Intimacy Status: Theory and Research.- The Concept of Intimacy.- Measurement of Intimacy.- Assessment of Intimacy Status.- Validity of Intimacy Status Ratings.- Personality Differences among the Intimacy Statuses.- Developmental Factors.- Developmental Pathways.- Intimacy Status in Women.- Evaluation.- Conclusion.- II The Determination of Ego Identity Status.- 6 Interviewers and Interviewing.- Selecting the Interviewers.- Training the Interviewers.- Beginning the Interview.- Developing Rapport.- Effective Inquiry.- Self-Disclosures.- Clarifying Responses.- Providing Structure and Limits.- Common Problems in Interviewing.- 7 Overview of the Identity Status Scoring Criteria.- The Ego Identity Interview.- The Identity Interview Domains.- Operational Definitions of Exploration (Crisis) and Commitment.- Distinguishing Identity Crises from Emotional Crises.- Identity Across the Life Span.- Identity in Males and Females.- Approaches to Data Analysis.- The Scoring Manuals.- 8 Identity Status in Early and Middle Adolescents: Scoring Criteria.- The Meaning of Exploration and Commitment in Early and Middle Adolescence.- Scoring Complications for Early and Middle Adolescence.- The Identity Status Domains.- Vocational Choice.- Religious Beliefs.- Family and Career Priorities.- 9 Identity Status in Late Adolescents: Scoring Criteria.- The Meaning of Exploration and Commitment in Late Adolescents.- Scoring Complications for Late Adolescents.- The Identity Status Domains.- Vocational Choice.- Religious Beliefs.- Family/Career Priorities.- 10 Identity Status During the Adult Years: Scoring Criteria.- The Meaning of Exploration and Commitment in Adulthood.- Scoring Complications for Adults.- The Identity Status Domains.- Vocational Choice.- Religious Beliefs.- Family/Career Priorities.- III Epilogue.- 11 Epilogue.- The Meaning of the Identity Statuses in a Non-North American Context.- Research-Based Changes in Eriksonian Theory.- Intrapsychic Dimensions.- Intra-Status Differentiation.- Contexts of Identity Development.- The Question of Intervention.- Research on Other Psychosocial Stages.- Life Span Identity Development.- Validation for the Structure of Psychosocial Developmental Theory.- IV Appendices.- A Identity Status Interview: Early and Middle Adolescent Form.- General Opening.- Vocational Plans—Opening.- Vocational Plans—Further Education.- Vocational Plans—Employment.- Vocational Plans—Marriage.- Vocational Plans—Closing.- Marriage and the Role of Spouse.- The Role of Parent.- Family and Career Priorities.- Religious Beliefs.- Political Beliefs.- Sex-role Attitudes.- B Identity Status Interview: Late Adolescent College Form.- General Opening.- Vocational Plans.- Marriage and the Role of Spouse.- The Role of Parent.- Family and Career Priorities.- Religious Beliefs.- Political Beliefs.- Sex-Role Attitudes.- C Identity Status Interview: Adult Form.- General Opening.- Vocational Activities.- Marriage and the Role of Spouse.- The Role of Parent.- Family and Career Priorities.- Religious Beliefs.- Political Beliefs.- Sex-Role Attitudes.- D Intimacy Status Interview and Rating Scales.- Intimacy Interview.- One: Friendships.- Two: Dating and Love Relationships.- E Intimacy Status Rating Manual.- Intimacy Status Rating Manual.- Instructions for Rating.- References.- Author Index.