The Psychology of Politics

ISBN-13: 9781461283690 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 331 str.

William F. Stone; Paul E. Schaffner

Opis

The Psychology of Politics is an introduction to political psychology. The field has a long past, but as an organized discipline, it has a short history. The long past is detailed in Jaap van Ginneken's historical first chapter of the book. The short history of political psychology as an organized disci pline dates from 1978, when the International Society of Political Psychol ogy (ISPP) was founded (Stone, 1981, 1988). The formal establishment of an interdiscipline drawing upon various social sciences had numerous predecessors in the 20th century: Wallas's (1908) Human Nature in Politics, Harold Lasswell's Psychopathology and Politics in 1930, a book with the present title by Eysenck (1954), and The Handbook of Political Psychology, edited by the founder of the ISPP, Jeanne Knutson. Her Handbook defined the field at the time of its publication in 1973 (see espe cially Davies' chapter). The present revision of Stone's (1974) work is more modest in its aspira tions. It provides a selective introduction to the field, emphasizing topics that the authors believe to be representative and important. Many psycho logically relevant topics, such as political socialization, participation, voting behavior, and leadership, are not represented among our chapter titles."

Spis treści

I Introduction.- 1 Outline of a Cultural History of Political Psychology.- The Need for a Contextual History of Political Psychology.- Latin Origins: Paris and Torino.- Germanic Contributions: Vienna and Frankfurt.- Anglo-American Roots: London and Chicago.- A Constructionist View of the Development of Political Psychology.- 2 Politics and Psychology: A Two-Way Street.- Oneida: The Search for Community.- Psychology and Politics.- The Two-Way Street: A Conceptual Map.- The Causal Map Applied: An Incident at Oneida.- Summary and Conclusions.- II The Person.- 3 Character, Attitudes, and Socialization.- Personal Character: Stability and Change.- Components of Character.- Attitudes.- Learning and Political Socialization.- Summary and Conclusions.- 4 Psychology and Ideology.- Creeds and Ideologies.- Personality and Ideology.- Ideological Scripts: Silvan Tomkins.- Patriarchy and Left-Right Ideology.- Ideology and Modern Politics.- Summary and Conclusions.- 5 Motivations to Politics.- Effectance Theory.- The Motives of Politicians.- The Motivation for Political Office.- Individual Participation and Mass Motivation.- Summary and Conclusions.- III Political Thought.- 6 Authoritarianism and Machiavellianism.- Machiavellianism.- Authoritarianism.- Anti-Semitism and Ethnocentrism: The Authoritarian Personality.- Hardball Politics: The Narcistic Personality.- Summary and Conclusions.- 7 Political Cognition and Rationality.- Structures and Processes of Political Reasoning.- Thinking About Political Problems.- Operational Codes.- Causal Maps and the Logic of Political Reasoning.- Group Psychology and the Potential for Rationality.- Summary and Conclusions.- 8 Public Opinion and the Media.- The Mirror Image.- Political Images.- Media Representations.- Preferences.- Transformations.- Summary and Conclusions.- IV Political Conflict and Change.- 9 In Common Predicament: Conflict Between Groups.- Games for the Study of Conflict.- Group Conflict and Social Identity.- The Reduction of Intergroup Conflict.- A Critical Perspective.- Summary and Conclusions.- 10 Nuclear War.- The Survivors’ Legacy.- Raising the Stakes.- Nuclear Games.- Policy Questions.- Living Under the Nuclear Sword.- Summary and Conclusions.- 11 Social Change.- Transforming Change.- Large Change.- Small Change.- Summary and Conclusions.- Appendix: The Polarity Scale.- Tomkins’ Polarity Scale: Introduction.- References.- Author Index.