Mathematical Ecology of Populations and Ecosystems

ISBN-13: 9781405177955 / Angielski / Miękka / 2008 / 344 str.

John Pastor

Opis

Population ecologists study how births and deaths affect the dynamics of populations and communities, while ecosystem ecologists study how species control the flux of energy and materials through food webs and ecosystems. Although all these processes occur simultaneously in nature, the mathematical frameworks bridging the two disciplines have developed independently. Consequently, this independent development of theory has impeded the cross-fertilization of population and ecosystem ecology. Using recent developments from dynamical systems theory, this advanced undergraduate/graduate level textbook shows how to bridge the two disciplines seamlessly. The book shows how bifurcations between the solutions of models can help understand regime shifts in natural populations and ecosystems once thresholds in rates of births, deaths, consumption, competition, nutrient inputs, and decay are crossed.

"Mathematical Ecology" is essential reading for students of ecology who have had a first course in calculus and linear algebra or students in mathematics wishing to learn how dynamical systems theory can be applied to ecological problems.

Recenzje

"Nevertheless, it is an excellent summary which will sweep away the cobwebs from the mind of someone who has learnt this stuff at some time in the past. . . It would be ideal as a text for a course taught in a mathematics department, to convince mathematics students that their skills in differential equations can be applied to ecological problems." (Austral Ecology, 2011)

"Its best feature a the scientific soundness t hat permeates the whole book, founded on a robust mathematical treatment of most of the arguments." ( Ecoscience, June 2010)"Pastor (Univ. of Minnesota, Duluth) does an admirable job of bridging the gap, providing a work that should quickly become a popular choice for upper–level undergraduate or graduate courses in both disciplines." ( CHOICE, January 2009)

Spis treści

Prologue.

Preface.

Acknowledgments.

Part I: Preliminaries.

1. What is Mathematical Ecology and Why Should We Do It?.

2. Mathematical Toolbox.

Part II: Populations.

3. Homogeneous Populations: Exponential and Geometric Growth and Decay.

4. Age– and Stage–structured Linear Models: Relaxing The Assumption Of Population Homogeneity.

5. Nonlinear Models of Single Populations: The Continuous Time Logistic Model.

6. Discrete Logistic Growth, Oscillations, and Chaos.

7. Harvesting and the Logistic Model.

8. Predators and their Prey.

9. Competition between Two Species, Mutualism, and Species Invasions.

10. Multispecies Community and Food Web Models.

Part III: Ecosystems.

11. Inorganic Resources, Mass Balance, Resource Uptake, and Resource Use Efficiency.

12. Litter Return, Nutrient Cycling, and Ecosystem Stability.

13. Consumer Regulation of Nutrient Cycling.

14. Stoichiometry and Linked Element Cycles.

Part IV: Populations and Ecosystems in Space and Time.

15. Transitions between Populations and States in Landscapes.

16. Diffusion, Advection, the Spread of Populations and Resources, and the Emergence of Spatial Patterns.

Appendix: MatLab Commands for Equilibrium and Stability Analysis of Multi–compartment Models by Solving the Jacobian and its Eigenvalues.

References.

Index

O autorze

John Pastor is Professor of Biology, at University of Minnesota Duluth, USA