Surgery in prehistoric times. The early years of written history - Mesopotamia, Egypt, China and India. Surgery in Ancient Greece and Rome. The Dark Ages and the Renaissance. The Age of the Surgeon-Anatomist: Part One - From the mid 16th century to the end of the 17th century. The Age of the Surgeon-Anatomist: Part Two - From the beginning of the 18th century to the mid 19th century. The advent of anaesthesia and antisepsis. The birth of modern surgery: From Lister to the 20th century. The surgery of warfare. Orthopaedics surgery. Breast tumours. Cutting for the stone. Thyroid and parathyroid. Thoracic and vascular surgery. Organ transplantation. Envoi - today and tomorrow.