Logical Abilities in Children: Volume 3: Reasoning in Adolescence: Deductive Inference

ISBN-13: 9781138087170 / Angielski / Twarda / 2017 / 282 str.

Daniel N. Osherson

Opis

Originally published in 1975, this volume (3 of 4) presents an expanded model of certain deductive abilities in children and adults. A partial explanation of the growth of these abilities was suggested in Volume 2 of this series, and it is amplified here, both with regard to propositional logic and the logic of class inclusion. A new methodology is employed, the issue of the effect of content in deductive reasoning is covered, and developmental questions are reformulated. Although only data from experiments with adolescents are presented here, the volume sets the stage for potentially illustrating developmental comparisons, a topic pursued in Volume 4 of this novel and inventive series.

Spis treści

Preface.  Part 1: Introduction  1. Developmental Issues  2. The Research Question Sharpened  3. Three Kinds of Models for Logical Judgment  4. Deduction Models: General Considerations and an Exemplification  5. Empirical Conditions on Derivations  6. Methodological Issues  7. Method  Part 2: Propositional Arguments  8. Experiment 1: Validation of Methodology, and the Question of Alternative Operations  9. Experiment 2: Within-Subject Consistency and Complex, Single-Operation Arguments  10. Experiment 3: New Operations  11. Experiment 4: Amalgamation of the Two Sets of Operations  12. Experiment 5: Further Test of the Theory  Part 3: Familiar Content and Class Inclusion  13. The Question of a Qualitative Difference Reexamined  14. Experiment 6: Causal Arguments Testing the Theory of Table 8.1  15. Experiment 7: Causal Arguments Testing the Theory of Table 11.1  16. Experiment 8: More Causal Arguments Testing the Theory of Table 11.1  17. Experiment 9: Class-Inclusion Arguments Testing the Theory of Table 8.1  18. Experiment 10: Class-Inclusion Arguments Testing the Theory of Table 11.1  19. Experiment 11: More Class-Inclusion Arguments Testing the Theory of Table 8.1  Part 4: Further Issues  20. Other Properties of Argument Difficulty and Acceptance Rate  21. Some Remaining Theoretical Issues.  Appendix: A Full Statement of the Theory.  References.  Author Index.  Subject Index.

O autorze

Daniel N. Osherson