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Impedance Source Power Electronic Converters
ISBN-13: 9781119037071 / Angielski / Twarda / 2016 / 424 str.
Impedance Source Power Electronic Converters
ISBN-13: 9781119037071 / Angielski / Twarda / 2016 / 424 str.
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Impedance Source Power Electronic Converters brings together state of the art knowledge and cutting edge techniques in various stages of research related to the ever more popular impedance source converters/inverters.
"Power engineers developing Z–source converters, and those who want to learn about this new topology, will find this book to be a very useful resource. It is very well written, clearly explains the technical details of the Z–source converter, and incorporates many circuit designs and applications." (IEEE Electrical Insulation magazine 04/05/2017)
Preface xii
Acknowledgment xiv
Bios xv
1 Background and Current Status 1
1.1 General Introduction to Electrical Power Generation 1
1.1.1 Energy Systems 1
1.1.2 Existing Power Converter Topologies 5
1.2 Z Source Converter as Single Stage Power Conversion System 10
1.3 Background and Advantages Compared to Existing Technology 11
1.4 Classification and Current Status 13
1.5 Future Trends 15
1.6 Contents Overview 15
Acknowledgment 16
References 16
2 Voltage Fed Z Source/Quasi Z Source Inverters 20
2.1 Topologies of Voltage Fed Z Source/Quasi Z Source Inverters 20
2.2 Modeling of Voltage Fed qZSI 23
2.2.1 Steady State Model 23
2.2.2 Dynamic Model 25
2.3 Simulation Results 30
2.3.1 Simulation of qZSI Modeling 30
2.3.2 Circuit Simulation Results of Control System 31
2.4 Conclusion 33
References 33
3 Current Fed Z Source Inverter 35
3.1 Introduction 35
3.2 Topology Modification 37
3.3 Operational Principles 39
3.3.1 Current Fed Z Source Inverter 39
3.3.2 Current Fed Quasi Z Source Inverter 41
3.4 Modulation 44
3.5 Modeling and Control 46
3.6 Passive Components Design Guidelines 47
3.7 Discontinuous Operation Modes 48
3.8 Current Fed Z Source Inverter/Current Fed Quasi Z Source
Inverter Applications 51
3.9 Summary 52
References 52
4 Modulation Methods and Comparison 54
4.1 Sinewave Pulse Width Modulations 54
4.1.1 Simple Boost Control 55
4.1.2 Maximum Boost Control 55
4.1.3 Maximum Constant Boost Control 56
4.2 Space Vector Modulations 57
4.2.1 Traditional SVM 57
4.2.2 SVMs for ZSI/qZSI 57
4.3 Pulse Width Amplitude Modulation 63
4.4 Comparison of All Modulation Methods 63
4.4.1 Performance Analysis 64
4.4.2 Simulation and Experimental Results 64
4.5 Conclusion 72
References 72
5 Control of Shoot Through Duty Cycle: An Overview 74
5.1 Summary of Closed Loop Control Methods 74
5.2 Single Loop Methods 75
5.3 Double Loop Methods 76
5.4 Conventional Regulators and Advanced Control Methods 76
References 77
6 Z Source Inverter: Topology Improvements Review 78
6.1 Introduction 78
6.2 Basic Topology Improvements 79
6.2.1 Bidirectional Power Flow 79
6.2.2 High Performance Operation 80
6.2.3 Low Inrush Current 80
6.2.4 Soft Switching 80
6.2.5 Neutral Point 82
6.2.6 Reduced Leakage Current 82
6.2.7 Joint Earthing 82
6.2.8 Continuous Input Current 82
6.2.9 Distributed Z Network 85
6.2.10 Embedded Source 85
6.3 Extended Boost Topologies 87
6.3.1 Switched Inductor Z Source Inverter 87
6.3.2 Tapped Inductor Z Source Inverter 93
6.3.3 Cascaded Quasi Z Source Inverter 94
6.3.4 Transformer Based Z Source Inverter 97
6.3.5 High Frequency Transformer Isolated Z Source Inverter 103
6.4 L Z Source Inverter 103
6.5 Changing the ZSI Topology Arrangement 105
6.6 Conclusion 109
References 109
7 Typical Transformer Based Z Source/Quasi Z Source Inverters 113
7.1 Fundamentals of Trans ZSI 113
7.1.1 Configuration of Current Fed and Voltage Fed Trans ZSI 113
7.1.2 Operating Principle of Voltage Fed Trans ZSI 116
7.1.3 Steady State Model 117
7.1.4 Dynamic Model 119
7.1.5 Simulation Results 121
7.2 LCCT ZSI/qZSI 122
7.2.1 Configuration and Operation of LCCT ZSI 122
7.2.2 Configuration and Operation of LCCT qZSI 124
7.2.3 Simulation Results 126
7.3 Conclusion 127
Acknowledgment 127
References 127
8 Z Source/Quasi Z Source AC DC Rectifiers 128
8.1 Topologies of Voltage Fed Z Source/Quasi Z Source Rectifiers 128
8.2 Operating Principle 129
8.3 Dynamic Modeling 130
8.3.1 DC Side Dynamic Model of qZSR 130
8.3.2 AC Side Dynamic Model of Rectifier Bridge 132
8.4 Simulation Results 134
8.5 Conclusion 137
References 137
9 Z Source DC DC Converters 138
9.1 Topologies 138
9.2 Comparison 140
9.3 Example Simulation Model and Results 141
References 147
10 Z Source Matrix Converter 148
10.1 Introduction 148
10.2 Z Source Indirect Matrix Converter (All Silicon Solution) 151
10.2.1 Different Topology Configurations 151
10.2.2 Operating Principle and Equivalent Circuits 153
10.2.3 Parameter Design of the QZS Network 156
10.2.4 QZSIMC (All Silicon Solution) Applications 157
10.3 Z Source Indirect Matrix Converter (Not All Silicon Solution) 158
10.3.1 Different Topology Configurations 158
10.3.2 Operating Principle and Equivalent Circuits 160
10.3.3 Parameter Design of the QZS Network 164
10.3.4 ZS/QZSIMC (Not All Silicon Solution) Applications 164
10.4 Z Source Direct Matrix Converter 167
10.4.1 Alternative Topology Configurations 167
10.4.2 Operating Principle and Equivalent Circuits 170
10.4.3 Shoot Through Boost Control Method 171
10.4.4 Applications of the QZSDMC 175
10.5 Summary 177
References 177
11 Energy Stored Z Source/Quasi Z Source Inverters 179
11.1 Energy Stored Z Source/Quasi Z Source Inverters 179
11.1.1 Modeling of qZSI with Battery 180
11.1.2 Controller Design 182
11.2 Example Simulations 188
11.2.1 Case 1: SOCmin < SOC < SOCmax 188
11.2.2 Case 2: Avoidance of Battery Overcharging 190
11.3 Conclusion 192
References 193
12 Z Source Multilevel Inverters 194
12.1 Z Source NPC Inverter 194
12.1.1 Configuration 194
12.1.2 Operating Principles 195
12.1.3 Modulation Scheme 200
12.2 Z Source/Quasi Z Source Cascade Multilevel Inverter 206
12.2.1 Configuration 206
12.2.2 Operating Principles 208
12.2.3 Modulation Scheme 209
12.2.4 System Level Modeling and Control 213
12.2.5 Simulation Results 219
12.3 Conclusion 224
Acknowledgment 224
References 224
13 Design of Z Source and Quasi Z Source Inverters 226
13.1 Z Source Network Parameters 226
13.1.1 Inductance and Capacitance of Three Phase qZSI 226
13.1.2 Inductance and Capacitance of Single Phase qZSI 227
13.2 Loss Calculation Method 233
13.2.1 H bridge Device Power Loss 233
13.2.2 qZS Diode Power Loss 236
13.2.3 qZS Inductor Power Loss 236
13.2.4 qZS Capacitor Power Loss 237
13.3 Voltage and Current Stress 237
13.4 Coupled Inductor Design 239
13.5 Efficiency, Cost, and Volume Comparison with Conventional Inverter 239
13.5.1 Efficiency Comparison 239
13.5.2 Cost and Volume Comparison 240
13.6 Conclusion 242
References 243
14 Applications in Photovoltaic Power Systems 244
14.1 Photovoltaic Power Characteristics 244
14.2 Typical Configurations of Single Phase and Three Phase Systems 245
14.3 Parameter Design Method 245
14.4 MPPT Control and System Control Methods 248
14.5 Examples Demonstration 249
14.5.1 Single Phase qZS PV System and Simulation Results 249
14.5.2 Three Phase qZS PV Power System and Simulation Results 249
14.5.3 1 MW/11 kV qZS CMI Based PV Power System and Simulation Results 250
14.6 Conclusion 253
References 255
15 Applications in Wind Power 256
15.1 Wind Power Characteristics 256
15.2 Typical Configurations 257
15.3 Parameter Design 257
15.4 MPPT Control and System Control Methods 259
15.5 Simulation Results of a qZS Wind Power System 261
15.6 Conclusion 264
References 265
16 Z Source Inverter for Motor Drives Application: A Review 266
16.1 Introduction 266
16.2 Z Source Inverter Feeding a Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor 269
16.3 Z Source Inverter Feeding a Switched Reluctance Motor 270
16.4 Z Source Inverter Feeding a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor 273
16.5 Z Source Inverter Feeding an Induction Motor 276
16.5.1 Scalar Control (V/F) Technique for ZSI IM Drive System 276
16.5.2 Field Oriented Control Technique for ZSI IM Drive System 279
16.5.3 Direct Torque Control (DTC) Technique for ZSI IM Drive System 279
16.5.4 Predictive Torque Control for ZSI IM Drive System 283
16.6 Multiphase Z Source Inverter Motor Drive System 283
16.7 Two Phase Motor Drive System with Z Source Inverter 286
16.8 Single Phase Induction Motor Drive System Using Z Source Inverter 286
16.9 Z Source Inverter for Vehicular Applications 286
16.10 Conclusion 289
References 290
17 Impedance Source Multi Leg Inverters 295
17.1 Impedance Source Four Leg Inverter 295
17.1.1 Introduction 295
17.1.2 Unbalanced Load Analysis Based on Fortescue Components 296
17.1.3 Effects of Unbalanced Load Condition 297
17.1.4 Inverter Topologies for Unbalanced Loads 300
17.1.5 Z Source Four Leg Inverter 302
17.1.6 Switching Schemes for Three Phase Four Leg Inverter 310
17.1.7 Buck/Boost Conversion Modes Analysis 316
17.2 Impedance Source Five Leg (Five Phase) Inverter 319
17.2.1 Five Phase VSI Model 319
17.2.2 Space Vector PWM for a Five Phase Standard VSI 322
17.2.3 Space Vector PWM for Five Phase qZSI 323
17.2.4 Discontinuous Space Vector PWM for Five Phase qZSI 324
17.3 Summary 326
References 326
18 Model Predictive Control of Impedance Source Inverter 329
18.1 Introduction 329
18.2 Overview of Model Predictive Control 330
18.3 Mathematical Model of the Z Source Inverters 331
18.3.1 Overview of Topologies 331
18.3.2 Three Phase Three Leg Inverter Model 333
18.3.3 Three Phase Four Leg Inverter Model 335
18.3.4 Multiphase Inverter Model 338
18.4 Model Predictive Control of the Z Source Three Phase Three Leg Inverter 342
18.5 Model Predictive Control of the Z Source Three Phase Four Leg Inverter 349
18.5.1 Discrete Time Model of the Output Current for Four Leg Inverter 349
18.5.2 Control Algorithm 350
18.6 Model Predictive Control of the Z Source Five Phase Inverter 350
18.6.1 Discrete Time Model of the Five Phase Load 352
18.6.2 Cost Function for the Load Current 353
18.6.3 Control Algorithm 353
18.7 Performance Investigation 353
18.8 Summary 359
References 359
19 Grid Integration of Quasi Z Source Based PV Multilevel Inverter 362
19.1 Introduction 362
19.2 Topology and Modeling 363
19.3 Grid Synchronization 364
19.4 Power Flow Control 365
19.4.1 Proportional Integral Controller 366
19.4.2 Model Predictive Control 372
19.5 Low Voltage Ride Through Capability 379
19.6 Islanding Protection 381
19.6.1 Active Frequency Drift (AFD) 383
19.6.2 Sandia Frequency Shift (SFS) 383
19.6.3 Slip Mode Frequency Shift (SMS) 383
19.6.4 Simulation Results 384
19.7 Conclusion 387
References 387
20 Future Trends 390
20.1 General Expectation 390
20.1.1 Volume and Size Reduction by Wide Band Gap Devices 390
20.1.2 Parameters Minimization for Single Phase qZS Inverter 391
20.1.3 Novel Control Methods 392
20.1.4 Future Applications 392
20.2 Illustration of Using Wide Band Gap Devices 393
20.2.1 Impact on Z Source Network 394
20.2.2 Analysis and Evaluation of SiC Device Based qZSI 395
20.3 Conclusion 398
References 398
Index 401
Yushan Liu, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Qatar
Dr Yushan Liu received her B.Sc. degree in automation from Beijing Institute of Technology (China) in 2008 and her Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Beijing Jiaotong University (China) in 2014. She is currently Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University at Qatar. Her research interests include Z–source converters, cascade multilevel converters, photovoltaic power integration, renewable energy systems, and pulsewidth modulation techniques.
Haitham Abu–Rub, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Qatar
Dr Abu–Rub holds two PhD degrees, one in electrical engineering from Gdansk University of Technology, Poland, and the second in humanities from Gdansk University. Since 2006, Dr Abu–Rub has been an Associate Professor at Texas A&M University at Qatar. His main research interest is energy conversion systems and he is currently leading potential projects on PV and hybrid renewable power generation systems with different types of converters. He is the first author of three books, co–author of five book chapters, an active IEEE member and an editor of three IEEE Transactions.
Baoming Ge, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
Dr Baoming Ge received his PhD degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University, China, in 2000. He is currently working simultaneously at the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Texas A&M University, USA, and within the School of Electrical Engineering at Beijing Jiaotong University where his research interests include renewable energy power generation, electrical machines and control, power electronics systems and control theories and applications. Dr Ge has published more than 150 Journal and Conference papers, authored one book and two book chapters, holds seven patents in topics of impedance source converters/inverters and sustainable energy and is an active IEEE member.
Frede Blaabjerg, Aalborg University, Denmark
Dr Frede Blaabjerg received his PhD degree from Aalborg University in 1988. He became an Assistant Professor in 1992, an Associate Professor in 1996, and a Full Professor of Power Electronics and Drives in 1998. His current research interests include power electronics and its applications such as in wind turbines, PV systems, reliability, harmonics and adjustable speed drives. Dr Blaabjerg has published approximately 300 journal papers in the field of power electronics and its applications, served as Editor–in–Chief of the IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics between 2006 and 2012 and has won numerous prestigious awards for his work in power electronics.
Omar Ellabban, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Qatar
Dr Omar Ellabban received his B.Sc. degree in Electrical Machines and Power Engineering from Helwan University (Egypt) and his M.Sc. degree in Electrical Machines and Power Engineering from Cairo University (Egypt)
and his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Belgium) in 1998, 2005, and 2011 respectively. In 2012, he joined Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar, as a Post–Doctoral Research Associate and an Assistant Research Scientist in 2013, where he is involved in different renewable energy projects. His current research interests include automatic control, motor drives, power electronics, electric vehicles, switched reluctance motor, renewable energy, and smart grid.
Impedance Source Power Electronic Converters brings together state of the art knowledge and cutting edge techniques in various stages of research related to the ever more popular impedance source converters/inverters.
Significant research efforts are underway to develop commercially viable and technically feasible, efficient and reliable power converters for renewable energy, electric transportation and for various industrial applications. This book provides a detailed understanding of the concepts, designs, controls, and application demonstrations of the impedance source converters/inverters.
Key features:
- Comprehensive analysis of the impedance source converter/inverter topologies, including typical topologies and derived topologies.
- Fully explains the design and control techniques of impedance source converters/inverters, including hardware design and control parameter design for corresponding control methods.
- Presents the latest power conversion solutions that aim to advance the role of power electronics into industries and sustainable energy conversion systems.
- Compares impedance source converter/inverter applications in renewable energy power generation and electric vehicles as well as different industrial applications.
- Provides an overview of existing challenges, solutions and future trends.
- Supported by calculation examples, simulation models and results.
Highly accessible, this is an invaluable resource for researchers, postgraduate/graduate students studying power electronics and its application in industry and renewable energy conversion as well as practising R&D engineers. Readers will be able to apply the presented material for the future design of the next generation of efficient power electronic converters/inverters.
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