Lessons in Play: An Introduction to Combinatorial Game Theory, Second Edition

ISBN-13: 9781032475660 / Angielski / Miękka / 2023 / 346 str.

Michael Albert; Richard Nowakowski; David Wolfe

Opis

This second edition of Lessons in Play reorganizes the presentation of the popular original text in combinatorial game theory to make it even more widely accessible. Starting with a focus on the essential concepts and applications, it then moves on to more technical material. Still written in a textbook style with supporting evidence and proofs, the authors add many more exercises and examples and implement a two-step approach for some aspects of the material involving an initial introduction, examples, and basic results to be followed later by more detail and abstract results.

Features

• Employs a widely accessible style to the explanation of combinatorial game theory











• Contains multiple case studies











• Expands further directions and applications of the field











• Includes a complete rewrite of CGSuite material

Spis treści

Combinatorial Games

0.1 Basic Terminology

Problems

1 Basic Techniques

1.1 Greedy

1.2 Symmetry

1.3 Parity

1.4 Give Them Enough Rope!

1.5 Strategy Stealing

1.6 Change the Game!

1.7 Case Study: Long Chains in Dots & Boxes

Problems

2 Outcome Classes

2.1 Outcome Functions

2.2 Game Positions and Options

2.3 Impartial Games: Minding Your Ps and Ns

2.4 Case Study: Roll The Lawn

2.5 Case Study: Timber

2.6 Case Study: Partizan Endnim

Problems

3 Motivational Interlude: Sums of Games

3.1 Sums

3.2 Comparisons

3.3 Equality and Identity

3.4 Case Study: Domineering Rectangles

Problems

4 The Algebra of Games

4.1 The Fundamental Definitions

4.2 Games Form a Group with a Partial Order

4.3 Canonical Form

4.4 Case Study: Cricket Pitch

4.5 Incentives

Problems

5 Values of Games

5.1 Numbers

5.2 Case Study: Shove

5.3 Stops

5.4 A Few All-Smalls: Up, Down, and Stars

5.5 Switches

5.6 Case Study: Elephants & Rhinos

5.7 Tiny and Miny

5.8 Toppling Dominoes

5.9 Proofs of Equivalence of Games and Numbers

Problems

6 Structure

6.1 Games Born by Day 2

6.2 Extremal Games Born By Day n

6.3 More About Numbers

6.4 The Distributive Lattice of Games Born by Day n

6.5 Group Structure

Problems

7 Impartial Games

7.1 A Star-Studded Game

7.2 The Analysis of Nim

7.3 Adding Stars

7.4 A More Succinct Notation

7.5 Taking-and-Breaking Games

7.6 Subtraction Games

7.7 Keypad Games

Problems

8 Hot Games

8.1 Comparing Games and Numbers

8.2 Coping with Confusion

8.3 Cooling Things Down

8.4 Strategies for Playing Hot Games

8.5 Norton Products

Problems

9 All-Small Games

9.1 Cast of Characters

9.2 Motivation: The Scale of Ups

9.3 Equivalence Under

9.4 Atomic Weight

9.5 All-Small Shove

9.6 More Toppling Dominoes

9.7 Clobber

Problems

10 Trimming Game Trees

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Reduced Canonical Form

10.3 Hereditary-Transitive Games

10.4 Ordinal Sum

10.5 Stirling-Shave

10.6 Even More Toppling Dominoes

Problems

Further Directions

1 Transfinite Games

2 Algorithms and Complexity

3 Loopy Games

4 Kos: Repeated Local Positions

5 Top-Down Thermography

6 Enriched Environments

7 Idempotents

8 Mis`ere Play

9 Scoring Games

A Top-Down Induction

A.1 Top-Down Induction

A.2 Examples

O autorze

Michael Albert - University of Otago

Richard Nowakowski - Dalhousie University

David Wolfe - Dalhousie University