Hydrogeology and Groundwater Modeling

ISBN-13: 9780849333484 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 828 str.

Neven Kresic

Opis

Coupling the basics of hygrogeology with analytical and numerical modeling methods, Hydrogeology and Groundwater Modeling, Second Edition provides detailed coverage of both theory and practice. Written by a leading hydrogeologist who has consulted for industry and environmental agencies and taught at major universities around the world, this unique book fills a gap in the groundwater hydrogeology literature.

With more than 40 real-world examples, the book is a source for clear, easy-to-understand, and step-by-step quantitative groundwater evaluation and contaminant fate and transport analysis, from basic laboratory determination to complex analytical calculations and computer modeling. It provides more than 400 drawings, graphs, and photographs, and a variety of useful tables of all key groundwater parameters, as well as lucid, straightforward answers to common hydrogeological problems.

Reflecting nearly ten years of new scholarship since the publication of the bestselling first edition, this second edition is wider in focus with added and updated examples, figures, and problems, yet still provides information in the author's trademark, user-friendly style. No other book offers such carefully selected examples and clear, elegantly explained solutions. The inclusion of step-by-step solutions to real problems builds a knowledge base for understanding and solving groundwater issues.

Spis treści

PART ONE: BASIC CONCEPTS IN HYDROGEOLOGY AND GROUNDWATER MODELING

INTRODUCTION

GROUNDWATER
Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater
Porosity and Effective Porosity
Principles of Groundwater Flow
Flow in Unsaturated Zone

AQUIFERS AND AQUITARDS
Definition, Recharge and Discharge Areas
Aquifer Transmissivity and Storage
Types of Aquifers
Aquifer Parameters and Methods of Determination
Analysis of Aquifer Pumping Test Results
Aquifer Recharge and Sustainability
Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) and Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR)
Springs and Spring Development
Underground Dams
Competent and Leaky Aquitards
Surface Water - Groundwater Interactions

GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION
Vertical Wells
Collector Wells and Horizontal Wells
Infiltration Galleries and Drains
Source Water Protection Zones

GROUNDWATER CHEMISTRY
Solubility, Water Chemistry Units, Reactions
Natural Groundwater Constituents and Their Relation to Geologic Media

GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION
Regulatory Overview
Sources of Contamination and Groundwater Contaminants
Drinking Water Standards
Emerging Contaminants

FATE AND TRANSPORT OF CONTAMINANTS
Free Phase and Residual Phase Contamination
Dissolved Phase Contamination
Dispersion, Diffusion, Sorption, Degradation

GROUNDWATER MODELING
Types of Groundwater Models
Numeric Model Setup
Model Calibration and Sensitivity Analysis
Model Error
Model Results and Prediction
Model Verification
Model Documentation
Standards for Groundwater Modeling

PART TWO: SOLVED PROBLEMS IN HYDROGEOLOGY AND GROUNDWATER MODELING

POROSITY AND RELATED PARAMETERS
Porosity, Effective Porosity, Saturation

LABORATORY METHODS FOR DETERMINING HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY
Constant Head Permeameter
Falling Head Permeameter
Grain Size Analysis

ONE-DIMENSIONAL STEADY STATE FLOW
Confined Homogeneous Aquifer
Confined Heterogeneous Aquifer
Confined One-Dimensional Steady State Flow, Aquifer with Forks
Confined One-Dimensional Flow, Aquifer with Varying Thickness
Unconfined Homogeneous Aquifer with and without Infiltration, Drainage Gallery

ONE-DIMENSIONAL TRANSIENT FLOW
Sudden Change at the Boundary, Aquifer Parameters
Gradual Linear Change at the Boundary, Infiltration Rate

TWO-DIMENSIONAL STEADY-STATE FLOW (FLOW NETS)
Construction and Characteristics of Flow Nets, Groundwater Flow Rate
Groundwater Contour Maps, Influence of Surface Streams
Kriging
Flow Nets in Heterogeneous Aquifers, Refraction of Streamlines, Groundwater Velocity

STEADY STATE FLOW TO WATER WELLS
Confined Aquifer
Unconfined Aquifer
Unconfined Aquifer with Infiltration
Confined-Unconfined Aquifer Transition
Wells near Boundaries

TRANSIENT FLOW TO WATER WELLS
Confined, Non-Leaky Aquifer
Applications of the Theis Equation
Method of Recovery
Leaky Confined Aquifer
Unconfined Aquifer with Delayed Gravity Response
Slug Test, Bouwer and Rice Method

EXTRACTION WELL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
Gravel Pack Size
Three-Step Pumping Test, Well Specific Capacity, Loss, Efficiency
Radius of Well Influence

SPRING FLOW AND STREAM BASE FLOW
Recession (Baseflow) Analysis
Hydrochemical Separation of Spring Hydrograph

GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELING
Three-Layer Model

ONE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYTICAL FATE AND TRANSPORT MODELS
Dissolved Contaminant Concentrations in Time and Space

CONTAMINANT FATE AND TRANSPORT PARAMETERS
Use of Dispersion
Use of Sorption (Retardation) and Sequential Degradation

CONTAMINANT FATE AND TRANSPORT MODELING
Plume Migration and Containment

References
Appendix A: Unit Conversion Tables
Appendix B: Basic Mathematical Expressions
Appendix C: Porosity Values
Appendix D: Tables of Well and Other Functions
Index

O autorze

Neven Kresic