Series Introduction vii Volume Introduction xi Nationalist Historians in Search of a Nation: The ‘New Historiography’ in Dar Es Salaam Donald Denoon and Adam Kuper 1 Ethnicity and National Integration in West Africa /. Wallerstein 23 The Roots of African Despotism: The Question of Political Culture Ibrahim K. Sundiata 35 In Lieu of Orthodoxy: The Socialist Theories of Nkrumah and Nyerere Steven Metz 59 Ethnicity and Leadership in Africa: The ‘Untypical’ Case o f Tom Mboya David Goldsworthy 75 The State of Ambivalence: Right and Left Options in Ghana Judith Marshall 95 Military Violence Against Civilians: The Case of the Congolese and Zairean Military in the Pedicle, 1890—1988 Mwelwa C. Musambachime 109 The Social Origins of Ugandan Presidents: From King to Peasant Warrior Ali A . Mazrui 131 Uganda Before, During, and After Amin Bert N. Adams 153 The Movements of National Liberation Basil Davidson 165 The Revolution in Portugal’s African Colonies: A Review Essay John S. Saul 181 The Nationalist Revolution in Eritrea John Markakis 203 VI Contents The Death of Chaminuka: Spirit Mediums, Nationalism, and the Guerilla W ar in Zimbabwe Terence Ranger 223 The Zimbabwean War of Liberation: Struggles W ithin the Struggle Norma Kriger 244 Obstacles to Guerrilla Warfare— A South African Case Study Sheridan Johns 263 Rethinking the ‘Race-Class Debate’ in South African Historiography Deborah Posel 300 Street Sociology and Pavement Politics: Aspects of Youth and Student Resistance in Cape Town, 1985 Colin Bundy 317 Sources of Class Consciousness: South African W omen in Recent Labor Struggles Iris Berger 345 Class Formation and Ideology: The Transkei Region Duncan Innes and Dan O'Meara 363 Acknowledgments