Marine Bivalve Molluscs

ISBN-13: 9780470674949 / Angielski / Twarda / 2015 / 536 str.

Elizabeth Gosling

Opis

Marine Bivalve Molluscs is a comprehensive and thoroughly updated second edition of Bivalve Molluscs , covering all major aspects of this important class of invertebrates. As well as being an important class biologically and ecologically, many of the bivalves are fished and cultured commercially (e.g.

Spis treści

Preface viii

Acknowledgements x

1 Phylogeny and evolution of bivalve molluscs 1

Phylogeny of the Mollusca 1

Phylogeny and evolution of Bivalvia 3

Evolution and adaptive radiation in Bivalvia 7

Notes 10

References 10

2 Morphology of bivalves 12

Introduction 12

Shell 12

Mantle 21

Gills 24

The foot 27

Labial palps and alimentary canal 31

Gonads 34

Heart and haemolymph vessels 34

Excretory organs 35

Nerves and sensory receptors 36

References 38

3 Ecology of bivalves 44

Introduction 44

Global and local distribution patterns 44

Factors affecting geographic distribution 52

Factors affecting local distribution 55

Climate change 78

Note 84

References 84

4 How bivalves feed 99

Introduction 99

Filtration rate 100

Particle processing on the gills, labial palps and in the stomach 110

The alimentary canal and digestive process 128

Absorption efficiency 139

Effects of bivalve suspension ]feeders on the ecosystem 141

Notes 144

References 144

5 Reproduction, settlement and recruitment 157

Introduction 157

Sexuality 157

Gametogenesis 159

Reproductive cycles 159

Factors controlling reproduction 165

Annual storage cycle 170

Reproductive effort and fecundity 171

Deleterious effects on the reproductive cycle 175

Fertilization 175

Larval development 177

Factors affecting larval growth 178

Larval dispersal and population connectivity 181

Larval identification and abundance estimation 184

Settlement, metamorphosis and post ]larval dispersal 185

References 189

6 Growth 203

Introduction 203

Methods of measuring absolute growth 203

Allometric growth 213

Scope for growth and dynamic energy budget models 216

Factors affecting growth 219

Note 232

References 232

7 Circulation, respiration, excretion and osmoregulation 243

Circulation 243

Respiration 246

Excretion and osmoregulation 260

Note 264

References 264

8 Fisheries and management of natural populations 270

Introduction 270

Population dynamics 271

Total mortality (Z) 279

Natural mortality (M) 280

Fishing mortality (F) 281

Fisheries assessment and management 282

Scallop fisheries 287

Oyster fisheries 301

Mussel fisheries 309

Clam fisheries 314

References 319

9 Bivalve culture 325

Introduction 325

Fundamentals of bivalve culture 326

Mussel culture 340

Oyster culture 348

Scallop culture 355

Clam culture 362

Bivalve culture and the environment 369

Ecosystem approach to bivalve culture 371

Note 374

References 375

10 Genetics in aquaculture 383

Introduction 383

Quantitative genetics and selective breeding 384

Selective breeding 386

Protein and DNA markers 394

Bivalve genomics 403

Chromosomal genetics and ploidy manipulation 408

Transgenics 417

Notes 419

References 419

11 Diseases and parasites 429

Introduction 429

Viruses 429

Bacteria 431

Fungi 434

Protistans 434

Porifera 447

Helminths 448

Annelids 451

Crustaceans 452

Neoplasia 454

Defence mechanisms 455

Perspectives 463

References 464

12 Public health 478

Introduction 478

Bacterial infections 478

Viral infections 480

Biotoxins 481

Industrial pollutants 488

Controls on the production and processing of bivalves 490

Elimination of pathogens and other hazards 495

Monitoring and quality control 499

HAACP system 502

Notes 508

References 508

Subject index 000

Species index 000

O autorze

Elizabeth Gosling PhD, DSc, based at the Galway–Mayo Institute of Technology, Ireland, is an author of international repute with a huge wealth of research, teaching and hands–on experience of working with bivalves.

Blurb

Marine Bivalve Molluscs is a comprehensive and thoroughly updated second edition of Bivalve Molluscs, covering all major aspects of this important class of invertebrates. As well as being an important class biologically and ecologically, many of the bivalves are fished and cultured commercially (e.g. mussels, oysters, scallops and clams) in a multi–billion dollar worldwide industry.

Elizabeth Gosling has written a landmark book that will stand for many years as the standard work on the subject. Chapters in Marine Bivalve Molluscs cover morphology, ecology, feeding, reproduction, settlement and recruitment, growth, physiology, fisheries, aquaculture, genetics, diseases and parasites, and public health issues. A full understanding of many of these aspects is vital for all those working in bivalve fisheries and culture.

An essential purchase for anyone concerned with this important class of animals, copies of Marine Bivalve Molluscs should be on the shelves of biologists, ecologists, environmental scientists, fisheries scientists and personnel within the aquaculture industry. Copies of the book should be available in all libraries and research establishments where these subjects are studied or taught.

Reviews of the First Edition
An admirable achievement... a valuable addition to marine sciences libraries everywhere. The back cover of this book says that it is a landmark text that will stand for many years as the standard work on this subject. I can only agree with this sentiment. Aquaculture
A welcome addition to the literature and provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of biological and environmental factors that affect and control both natural populations of marine bivalves and culture operations. Aquaculture International
The author has done an admirable job in compiling a wealth of information into a readable text. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society
Will serve well as a description of much of both the experimental biology and the aquaculture of bivalves. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
Provides excellent reviews of all major aspects an extremely important reference for anyone engaged in bivalve research, fisheries management, and aquaculture. Quarterly Review of Biology
The book is very readable, in an easy style. It is well illustrated and there is a wealth of data and statistics presented. Bulletin of The Malacological Society of London