Feedstock Recycling and Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics: Converting Waste Plastics Into Diesel and Other Fuels

ISBN-13: 9780470021521 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 816 str.

Scheirs, John

Opis

Pyrolysis is a recycling technique converting plastic waste into fuels, monomers, or other valuable materials by thermal and catalytic cracking processes. It allows the treatment of mixed, unwashed plastic wastes. For many years research has been carried out on thermally converting waste plastics into useful hydrocarbons liquids such as crude oil and diesel fuel. Recently the technology has matured to the point where commercial plants are now available. Pyrolysis recycling of mixed waste plastics into generator and transportation fuels is seen as the answer for recovering value from unwashed, mixed plastics and achieving their desired diversion from landfill. This book provides an overview of the science and technology of pyrolysis of waste plastics. It describes the types of plastics that are suitable for pyrolysis recycling, the mechanism of pyrolytic degradation of various plastics, characterization of the pyrolysis products and details of commercially mature pyrolysis technologies. This book also covers co-pyrolysis technology, including: waste plastic/waste oil, waste plastics/coal, and waste plastics/rubber.

Recenzje

" contains a wealth of information anyone interested in the field must consult this text." ( Journal of Hazardous Materials, August 17, 2007)

" an invaluable addition to any technical or university library " (CHOICE, July 2007)

Spis treści

Contributors.

Series Preface.

Preface.

About the Editors.

I INTRODUCTION.

1 Introduction to Feedstock Recycling of Plastics (A. Buekens).

II CATALYTIC CRACKING.

2 Acid–Catalyzed Cracking of Polyolefins: Primary Reaction Mechanisms (Robert L. White).

3 Catalytic Upgrading of Plastic Wastes (J. Aguado, D. P. Serrano and J. M. Escola).

4 Thermal and Catalytic Conversion of Polyolefins (Jerzy Walendziewski).

5 Thermal and Catalytic Degradation of Waste HDPE (Kyong–Hwan Lee).

6 Development of a Process for the Continuous Conversion of Waste Plastics Mixtures to Fuel (Takao Masuda and Teruoki Tago).

7 Catalytic Degradation of Plastic Waste to Fuel over Microporous Materials (George Manos).

8 Liquefaction of Municipal Waste Plastics over Acidic and Nonacidic Catalysts (Jale Yanik and Tamer Karayildirim).

9 Kinetic Model of the Chemical and Catalytic Recycling of Waste Polyethylene into Fuels (Norbert Miskolczi).

III QUALITY OF FUELS.

10 Production of Gaseous and Liquid Fuels by Pyrolysis and Gasification of Plastics: Technological Approach (C. Gisèle Jung and André Fontana).

11 Yield and Composition of Gases and Oils/Waxes from the Feedstock Recycling of Waste Plastic (Paul T. Williams).

12 Composition of Liquid Fuels Derived from the Pyrolysis of Plastics (Marianne Blazsó).

13 Production of Premium Oil Products from Waste Plastic by Pyrolysis and Hydroprocessing (S.J. Miller, N. Shah and G.P. Huffman).

14 The Conversion of Waste Plastics/Petroleum Residue Mixtures to Transportation Fuels (Mohammad Farhat Ali and Mohammad Nahid Siddiqui).

IV REACTOR TYPES.

15 Overview of Commercial Pyrolysis Processes for Waste Plastics (John Scheirs).

16 Fluidized Bed Pyrolysis of Plastic Wastes (Umberto Arena and Maria Laura Mastellone).

17 The Hamburg Fluidized–bed Pyrolysis Process to Recycle Polymer Wastes and Tires (Walter Kaminsky).

18 Liquefaction of PVC Mixed Plastics (Thallada Bhaskar and Yusaku Sakata).

19 Liquid Fuel from Plastic Wastes Using Extrusion Rotary Kiln Reactors (Sam Behzadi and Mohammed Farid).

20 Rotary Kiln Pyrolysis of Polymers Containing Heteroatoms (Andreas Hornung and Helmut Seifert).

21 Microwave Pyrolysis of Plastic Wastes (C. Ludlow–Palafox and H.A. Chase).

22 Continuous Thermal Process for Cracking Polyolefin Wastes to Produce Hydrocarbons (Jean Dispons).

23 Waste Plastic Pyrolysis in Free–Fall Reactors (Ali Y. Bilgesü, M. Çetin Koçak, and Ali Karaduman).

V MONOMER RECOVERY.

24 Monomer Recovery of Plastic Waste in a Fluidized Bed Process (Walter Kaminsky).

25 Feedstock Recycling of PET (Toshiaki Yoshioka and Guido Grause).

VI ASIAN DEVELOPMENTS.

26 The Liquefaction of Plastic Containers and Packaging in Japan (A. Okuwaki, T. Yoshioka, M. Asai, H. Tachibana, K. Wakai, K. Tada).

27 Process and Equipment for Conversions of Waste Plastics into Fuels (Alka Zadgaonkar).

28 Converting Waste Plastics into Liquid Fuel by Pyrolysis: Developments in China (Yuan Xingzhong).

Index.

O autorze

John Scheirs is a polymer research specialist with broad interests in polystyrenes and styrenic copolymers.  He is the principal consultant with ExcelPlas, a polymer consulting company.  John was born in 1965 in Melbourne and studies applied chemistry at the University of Melbourne.  He has worked on projects concerning the fracture, stress cracking, processing, characterization and recycling of styrenic polymers.  John has authored over 50 scientific papers, including 8 encyclopedia chapters, and a number of books on polymer analysis and polymer recycling.

Professor Walter Kaminsky studied chemistry at the University of Hamburg. Since 1979 he has been a full professor for technical and macromolecular chemistry at the University of Hamburg. He supervises a group of 20 students and scientists in the field of metallocene/MAO catalysis and a group in the field of recycling of plastics and scrap tires by pyrolysis. He was President of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh), Hamburg section, Dean of the faculty of chemistry at the University of Hamburg, Director of the Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, and is a member of the GDCh, DECHEMA, Naturforscher und Ärzte, Verein deutscher Ingenieure, and American Chemical Society. He has published more than 200 papers/books and holds 20 patents. He has organized several international symposia in the field of olefin polymerization and pyrolysis of polymer wastes. He is advisor for authorities and companies in the fields of metallocene catalysts, polymerization of olefins, and recycling of plastics and environmental protection.

Blurb

Conventional recycling technologies can only recycle 15–20% of waste plastics. Beyond this, the plastics become increasingly contaminated with extraneous material. Pyrolysis technology can handle unsorted, unwashed plastics and produce high saleable end products such as diesel fuel, with no toxic or environmentally harmful emissions. This book covers the science and technology of converting waste plastics into liquid fuels, gaseous fuels and useful monomer precursors.

This book will present information on:

• Pyrolysis plant design
• Types of plastics that can be processed
• Process flow sheets and descriptions
• Qualities of produced fuel oils and residue
• Their applications
• Waste gas analysis data

This book covers the latest fundamental theory and practice behind the pyrolysis of waste plastics. It will include extensive use of figures and photos to illustrate various plastics pyrolysis processes. All chapters are international in scope, written by the foremost experts in academia and industry, with emphasis on contributions from principal companies involved in the R&D of pyrolysis processes for waste plastics. This book compliments the earlier book in the Wiley Series in Polymer Science, which described more broadly general polymer recycling.

This book is a valuable guide to industries and workers involved in the recycling of waste plastics, suitable for polymer and material scientists, plastics engineers, environmental engineers, postgraduate polymer students, waste consultants, government agencies and policy makers.