Mount Etna: The Anatomy of a Volcano

ISBN-13: 9780412238901 / Angielski / Twarda / 1985 / 300 str.

David K. Chester; D. K. Chester; A. M. Duncan

Opis

Since the Second World War interest in the active by Italian geophysicists; studies of ground deform volcano Mount Etna, in Sicily, has been steadily ation by British and Italian groups; measurements increasing. This interest has not been restricted of microgravity changes particularly by a British to Italy, and scientists from Belgium, France, group; endeavours to improve analytical tech Germany, the United States and the United King niques for gases and sublimates by French and also dom have played a part in volcanological studies. Italian and British workers; pioneering work on In 1972 much of this work was drawn together at a rheology of lavas and growth of lava fields by discussion meeting convened by the Royal Society British scientists; and greatly improved surveil of London and attended by representatives of most lance of activity, notably that occurring in the summit region. of the projects that were being conducted on Etna. The meeting served to draw together current It is a principal aim of this book to synthesize the knowledge of Etna, especially information derived results of these many different studies into a more during the 1971 flank eruption, and also to point complete understanding of the volcano. Inevitably out deficiencies in knowledge and methods of the coverage is somewhat uneven; some fields of approach to investigating the volcano. In his study have been researched more thoroughly than opening statement to the meeting Professor A. others."

Recenzje

...I recommend the book for inclusion in all earth science libraries. It provides a comprehensive and useful overview of Mount Etna and is a good starting point for students. Science; This book is a most significant and welcome milestone in the rapidly evolving field of volcanology. Choice

Spis treści

1 The forge of Vulcan.- 1.1 The summit cone.- 1.2 Flank activity.- 1.3 Other activity.- 1.4 From myth to science.- 2 Etna and the Etna region.- 2.1 The physical environment.- 2.2 The human response.- 2.3 Concluding remarks.- 3 Geological setting and volcanic history.- 3.1 Volcanism and tectonics in the central Mediterranean.- 3.2 Geological setting of Mount Etna.- 3.3 Nomenclature of the lavas of Mount Etna.- 3.4 Stratigraphy.- 4 Volcanic processes and products.- 4.1 Explosive volcanism.- 4.2 Effusive activity.- 4.3 Collapse structures.- 5 The rheological behaviour of basaltic lavas.- 5.1 Rheological concepts and definitions.- 5.2 The rheological characteristics of suspensions.- 5.3 The rheological properties of basaltic fluids.- 5.4 Concluding comments.- 6 Petrology and magmatic processes.- 6.1 Isotope geochemistry.- 6.2 Basal tholeiitic volcanics.- 6.3 Paterno alkali olivine basalt.- 6.4 The alkalic series.- 6.5 Petrological variations in historic times.- 6.6 Volcanic gases.- 7 Internal plumbing.- 7.1 Conduits and magma chambers.- 7.2 Ground deformation.- 7.3 Seismic studies.- 7.4 Gravimetric measurements.- 7.5 Magma budget and ascent rate.- 7.6 Summary and discussion.- 8 Volcanic hazard on Etna.- 8.1 The sources of hazard on Mount Etna.- 8.2 Specific prediction and hazard assessment.- 8.3 The empirical determination of the relative vulnerabilities of Etnean districts.- 8.4 The manipulation of lava flows.- 9 Volcanic hazards: human response and adjustment.- 9.1 The conceptual framework.- 9.2 Mount Etna: hazard response and adjustment.- 9.3 Conclusion: prospects for the future.- References.- Note.- % (v/v) is equivalent to vol. %.- % (w/w) is equivalent to wt %.