Endocrinology and Physiology of Reproduction

ISBN-13: 9780306425837 / Angielski / Twarda / 1987 / 360 str.

P. C. K. Leung; D. T. Armstrong; K. B. Ruf

Opis

Most of the following chapters were presented as plenary lectures or symposium talks at the 1986 XXXth Congress of the International Union of Physiological Sciences in Vancouver, B.C. A distinguished international group of endocrinologists and physiologists have contributed up-to-date reviews of their particular fields. The early chapters are largely concerned with the brain and neuroendocrine mechanisms controlling the secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and its action on the anterior pitui tary gland. Later chapters focus on the gonads themselves and the systemic and intrinsic hormones influencing the functional cytology of ovarian and testicular cells. Such comprehensive subjects as sex differentiation, puberty, placentation and parturition are also discussed authoritatively. According to Pfaff and Cohen and Arai et al., gonadal steroids, especially estrogen, exert multiple effects on certain hypothalamic and preoptic neurons, including growth, protein synthesis and electrical changes, which promote plasticity and facilitate synaptogenesis. The electrophysio logy of the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator in the rhesus monkey is reviewed more specifically by Knobil. In ovariectomized ewes, Clarke finds both positive and negative effects of estrogen on hypothalamic release of GnRH as well as on pituitary responsiveness to the peptide. Flerk6 et al.

Spis treści

Section I: Hypothalamus and Other Brain Areas.- Estrogen Acting on Hypothalamic Neurons May Have Trophic Effects on Those Neurons and the Cells on Which They Synapse.- Gonadal Steroid Control of Synaptogenesis in the Neuroendocrine Brain.- The Electrophysiology of the Hypothalamic Gonadotropic Hormone Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Pulse Generator in the Rhesus Monkey.- Ovarian Feedback Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion and Action.- Short and Ultrashort Feedback Control of Gonadotropin Secretion.- The Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal System: Role of Peptides and Sex Steroids.- Involvement of GABA in the Neuroendocrinology of Reproduction.- Section II: Pituitary.- Hypothalamic Biogenic Amines and the Regulation of Luteinizing Hormone Release in the Rat.- Dual Action of Norepinephrine in the Control of Gonadotropin Release.- Physiological and Biochemical Dissection of Mechanisms Underlying Puberty.- Biological Activity on Non-GnRH Synthetic Peptide Sequences of the GnRH Precursor.- Mechanisms of GnRH Action: Interactions between GnRH-Stimulated Calcium-Phospholipid Pathways Mediating Gonadotropin Secretion.- Phosphoinositide Turnover, Ca2+ Mobilization, and Protein Kinase C Activation in GnRH Action on Pituitary Gonadotropin Release.- Section III: Gonads.- The Ovarian Granulosa Cell as a Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Target Tissue.- Intra-ovarian Actions of Steroids in the Regulation of Follicular Steroid Biosynthesis.- Interaction between the Oocyte and the Granulosa Cells in the Preovulatory Follicle.- Secretion of Oxytocin by the Corpus Luteum and its Role in Luteolysis in the Sheep.- Catecholamine Effects on Leydig Cell Steroidogenesis: A Review.- Evidence for Intratesticular Factors Which Mediate the Response of Leydig Cells to Disruption of Spermatogenesis.- hCG/LH-Induced Changes in Testicular Blood Flow, Microcirculation and Vascular Permeability in Adult Rats.- Morphology of Normal and Abnormal Testicular Descent and the Regulation of This Process.- Section IV: Fetus and Placenta.- Sex Differentiation.- The Placental Lactogen Gene Family: Structure and Regulation.- Hormonal Influences on Fetal and Perinatal Water Metabolism.- The Orchestration of Parturition: Does the Fetus play the Tune?.- Author Index.