Neurobiology of Attention

ISBN-13: 9780123757319 / Angielski / Twarda / 2005 / 744 str.

Laurent Itti; Geraint Rees; John Tsotsos

Opis

A key property of neural processing in higher mammals is the ability to focus resources by selectively directing attention to relevant perceptions, thoughts or actions. Research into attention has grown rapidly over the past two decades, as new techniques have become available to study higher brain function in humans, non-human primates, and other mammals. Neurobiology of Attention is the first encyclopedic volume to summarize the latest developments in attention research.

An authoritative collection of over 100 chapters organized into thematic sections provides both broad coverage and access to focused, up-to-date research findings. This book presents a state-of-the-art multidisciplinary perspective on psychological, physiological and computational approaches to understanding the neurobiology of attention. Ideal for students, as a reference handbook or for rapid browsing, the book has a wide appeal to anybody interested in attention research.

* Contains numerous quick-reference articles covering the breadth of investigation into the subject of attention
* Provides extensive introductory commentary to orient and guide the reader
* Includes the most recent research results in this field of study

Recenzje

"4 STARS! - If there is one book to own on the topic of attention, this is it. Although it is not difficult to find books written on more specific attention topics, this is probably the most complete single volume on the market dedicated to attention." --Christopher J. Graver, PhD, University of Michigan Health SysteM, in DOODY'S (2005)

"This book will be a standard reference for some time to come in this fascinating and important field." --Donlin M. Long, in NEUROSURGERY QUARTERLY (2005)

"... this volume would be a valuable addition to the bookshelf of any laboratory concerned with perception and attentional issues. The extensive index also ensures the book is an excellent reference volume, showing once again how issues are represented across each section of the book, from their historical foundations to their standing in computational neuroscience and all of the human neuroscience that transpired in-between. Owing to the immense coverage and depth of this book, it should grab the attention of researchers concerned with neurobiology,experienced and naive alike." --Amanda Ellison, Department of Psychology, Oxford in PERCEPTION, Vol 35 (2006)

Spis treści

I: FOUNDATIONS

Chapter 1: Computational Foundations for Attentive Processes

Chapter 2: Capacity Limits for Spatial Discrimination

Chapter 3: Directed Visual Attention and the Dynamic Control of Information Flow

Chapter 4: Selective Attention as an Optimal Computational Strategy

Chapter 5: Surprise: A Shortcut for Attention?

Chapter 6: A Heteromodal Large-Scale Network for Spatial Attention

Chapter 7: Parietal Mechanisms of Attentional Control: Locations, Features, and Objects

Chapter 8: Visual Cortical Circuits and Spatial Attention

Chapter 9: Psychopharmacology of Human Attention

Chapter 10: Neuropharmacology of Attention

Chapter 11: Identifying the Neural Systems of Top-Down Attentional Control: A Meta-analytic Approach

Chapter 12: Attention Capture: The Interplay of Expectations, Attention, and Awareness

Chapter 13: Change Blindness

Chapter 14: Development of Covert Orienting in Young Infants

Chapter 15: Prior Entry

Chapter 16: Inhibition of Return

Chapter 17: Guidance of Visual Search by Preattentive Information

Chapter 18: The Top in Top-Down Attention

Chapter 19: Allocation of Attention in Three-Dimensional Space

Chapter 20: Covert Attention and Saccadic Eye Movements

Chapter 21: Prefrontal Selection and Control of Covert and Overt Orienting

Chapter 22: Dissociation of Selection from Saccade Programming

Chapter 23: Space- and Object-Based Attention

Chapter 24: Attention and Binding

Chapter 25: Top-Down Facilitation of Visual Object Recognition

Chapter 26: Spatial Processing of Environmental Representations

Chapter 27: Decision and Attention

Chapter 28: Visual Attention and Emotional Perception

Chapter 29: The Difference between Visual Attention and Awareness: A Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective

Chapter 30: Reaching Affects Saccade Trajectories

Chapter 31: The Premotor Theory of Attention

Chapter 32: Cross-Modal Consequences of Human Spatial Attention

Chapter 33: Attention and Scene Understanding

II: FUNCTIONS

Chapter 34: Visual Search and Popout in Infancy

Chapter 35: Attention in Conditioning

Chapter 36: Electrophysiology of Reflexive Attention

Chapter 37: Natural Scene Statistics and Salient Visual Features

Chapter 38: Salience of Feature Contrast

Chapter 39: Stimulus-Driven Guidance of Visual Attention in Natural Scenes

Chapter 40: Contextual Guidance of Visual Attention

Chapter 41: Gist of the Scene

Chapter 42: Temporal Orienting of Attention

Chapter 43: Visual Search: The Role of Memory for Rejected Distractors

Chapter 44: The Neuropsychology of Visual Feature Binding

Chapter 45: Visual Saliency and Spike Timing in the Ventral Visual Pathway

Chapter 46: Object Recognition in Cortex: Neural Mechanisms, and Possible Roles for Attention

Chapter 47: Binding Contour Segments into Spatially Extended Objects

Chapter 48: Scanpath Theory, Attention, and Image Processing Algorithms for Predicting Human Eye Fixations

Chapter 49: The Feature Similarity Gain Model of Attention: Unifying Multiplicative Effects of Spatial and Feature-based Attention

Chapter 50: Biasing Competition in Human Visual Cortex

Chapter 51: Nonsensory Signals in Early Visual Cortex

Chapter 52: Effects of Attention on Auditory Perceptual Organization

Chapter 53: Attention in Language

Chapter 54: Attention and Spatial Language

Chapter 55: The Sustained Attention to Response Test (SART)

Chapter 56: ERP Measures of Multiple Attention Deficits Following Prefrontal Damage

Chapter 57: Nonspatially Lateralized Mechanisms in Hemispatial Neglect

Chapter 58: Visual Extinction and Hemispatial Neglect after Brain Damage: Neurophysiological Basis of Residual Processing

Chapter 59: Attention in Split-Brain Patients

Chapter 60: Divided Attention in the Normal and the Split Brain: Chronometry and Imaging

III: MECHANISMS

Chapter 61: Neurophysiological Correlates of the Attentional Spotlight

Chapter 62: Spatially-Specific Attentional Modulation Revealed by fMRI

Chapter 63: The Neural Basis of the Attentional Blink

Chapter 64: Neurophysiological Correlates of the Reflexive Orienting of Spatial Attention

Chapter 65: Specifying the Components of Attention in a Visual Search Task

Chapter 66: Neural Evidence for Object-based Attention

Chapter 67: Location- or Feature-based Targeting of Spatial Attention

Chapter 68: Dimension-based Attention in Pop-out Search

Chapter 69: Irrelevant Singletons Capture Attention

Chapter 70: Attentional Modulation of Apparent Stimulus Contrast

Chapter 71: Attentional Suppression Early in the Macaque Visual System

Chapter 72: Attentional Modulation in the Human Lateral Geniculate Nucleus and Pulvinar

Chapter 73: Transient Covert Attention Increases Contrast Sensitivity and Spatial Resolution: Support for Signal Enhancement

Chapter 74: External Noise Distinguishes Mechanisms of Attention

Chapter 75: Attentional Modulation and Changes in Effective Connectivity

Chapter 76: Attentional Modulation of Surround Inhibition

Chapter 77: Attentional Processes in Texture Perception

Chapter 78: Mechanisms of Perceptual Learning

Chapter 79: Lateral Interactions between Targets and Flankers Require Attention

Chapter 80: Attention and Changes in Neural Selectivity

Chapter 81: Attentional Effects on Motion Processing

Chapter 82: ERP Studies of Selective Attention to Nonspatial Features

Chapter 83: Effects of Attention on Figure-Ground Responses in the Primary Visual Cortex during Working Memory

Chapter 84: Electrophysiological and Neuroimaging Approaches to the Study of Visual Attention

Chapter 85: The Timing of Attentional Modulation of Visual Processing as Indexed by ERPs

Chapter 86: Selective Visual Attention Modulates Oscillatory Neuronal Synchronization

Chapter 87: Putative Role of Oscillations and Synchrony in Cortical Signal Processing and Attention

Chapter 88: Attention to Tactile Stimuli Increases Neural Synchrony in Somatosensory Cortex

Chapter 89: Crossmodal Attention in Event Perception

IV: SYSTEMS

Chapter 90: The FeatureGate Model of Visual Selection

Chapter 91: Probabilistic Models of Attention Based on Iconic Representations and Predictive Coding

Chapter 92: The Selective Tuning Model for Visual Attention

Chapter 93: The Primary Visual Cortex Creates a Bottom-up Saliency Map

Chapter 94: Models of Bottom-up Attention and Saliency

Chapter 95: Saliency in Computer Vision

Chapter 96: Contextual Influences on Saliency

Chapter 97: A Neurodynamical Model of Visual Attention

Chapter 98: How the Detection of Objects in Natural Scenes Constrains Attention in Time

Chapter 99: Memory-Driven Visual Attention: An Emergent Behavior of Map-Seeking Circuits

Chapter 100: The Role of Short-Term Memory in Visual Attention

Chapter 101: Scene Segmentation through Synchronization

Chapter 102: Attentive Wide-Field Sensing for Visual Telepresence and Surveillance

Chapter 103: Neuromorphic Selective Attention Systems

Chapter 104: The Role of Visual Attention in the Control of Locomotion

Chapter 105: Attention Architectures for Machine Vision and Mobile Robots

Chapter 106: Attention for Computer Graphics Rendering

Chapter 107: Linking Attention to Learning, Expectation, Competition, and Consciousness

Chapter 108: Attention-Guided Recognition Based on "What” and "Where”: Representations: A Behavioral Model

Chapter 109: A Model of Attention and Recognition by Information Maximization

Index