This collection of essays provides a comprehensive view of the economic thought of the Scottish Enlightenment. Organised as a chronological account of the rise and progress of political economy in 18th century Scotland, each chapter discusses the way in which the moral and economic improvement of the Scottish nation became a common concern. Contributors not only explore the economic discourses of David Hume, James Steuart and Adam Smith but also consider the neglected economic writings of Andrew Fletcher, Robert Wallace, Francis Hutcheson, William Robertson, John Millar and Dugald Stewart.