The study provides an overview of major long-term population, employment, and urban concentration trends since 1871in the region now called "Northern Ontario" (or "Nord de l'Ontario"). Based on original historical tables, the study discusses patterns of change at not only Northern Ontario regional level relative to Southern Ontario but also the district and community levels. Further, the study critically examines employment-population ratios, unemployment, and economic dependency, particularly for recent decades of decline since the 1970s, and it questions narrowly demographic explanations of...