This book provides a roadmap for sustainable development and growth of petroleum industry with respect to water usage and discharge. Water and energy are intricately tied with each other. As a major source of conventional energy, petroleum industries—upstream, midstream, and downstream—are collectively large consumers of water. Increasing water stress in major parts of the world has made the industry aware of the impact of usable water on different sectors of petroleum industry, e.g., exploration and production, refining and fuel processing, and petrochemicals. Treatment of wastewater...