Liver is the first organ to metabolize all foreign compounds and hence it is susceptible to many different diseases. Liver disorders attribute to its exposure to different xenobiotics, among them is the paracetamol drug. Xenobiotics mainly damage the liver by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug, it causes hepatotoxicity in experimental animals and humans at high doses. Most of the present drugs have severe side effects. Thus, the current trend in many therapies is the back to nature. Therefore, it is necessary...

Osteoporosis is a socio-economic problem that requiring appropriate management strategies to modulate the bone turnover disorder. Estrogen replacement therapy and bisphosphonate drugs are effective for both prevention and therapy of osteoporosis, but recent findings have shown that their long term administration are not safe. Thereby natural alternative treatments are urgently needed. Therefore, the present study selected Cicer arietinum seed extract as a phytoestrogen source and/or Coelatura aegyptiaca shell powder as a calcium source to evaluate their effectiveness against osteoporosis...

Kidneys are dynamic organ and represent the major control system maintaining the body homeostasis. Women and men differ in the pathogenesis, clinical features and prognosis of many diseases.Therefore, kidneys is under the influence of sexual hormones. These facts attracted my attention to study the relation between hormonal mechanisms that involve sex hormones in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Thus, the renoprotective effects of phytoestrogen and calcium supplements were evaluated herein.

The loss of ovarian hormone after menopause is linked to many pathophysiological reactions. The question is, does liver affected by estrogen decline. Bilateral ovariectomy in the animal model was used for studying the effects of ovarian hormone deficiency in human menopause. The ovariectomized (OVX) rat model remains the most popular choice as it has been proven to represent some of the most important clinical features of postmenopausal women. Therefore, the present study evaluate the efficacy of Cicer arietinum extract on the hepatic disorders in OVX rat. This work revealed that there is not...