High-performance computing refers to the use of advanced computing technologies, especially supercomputers, to solve highly complex, numerically intensive problems in the shortest possible time. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are emerging in many areas of high performance computing. FPGAs are so flexible and reconfigurable that they are capable of massively parallel operations, explicitly tailored to the problem at hand. There are many of paradigms to put FPGAs at work in a high performance computing environment. There are also many of limitations which restrict FPGAs to reach the...