The world is increasingly becoming interdependent and this interdependency has raised the number of unmistakable vulnerabilities, threats and risks. The institutions of governance in weak and failing states are driving forces that often lead to environmental damage, mismanagement of natural resources, to the expansion of international terrorism, inter-religious violence, transnational organized crime, and to piracy activities that affect energy security in the Gulf of Guinea and Aden. All this creates open security spaces whose impacts are national, sub-regional, regional, and threatens the...