Latches and flip-flops have a direct impact on power consumption and speed of VLSI systems. Therefore study on low-power and high performance latches and flip-flops is inevitable. In this book we delve into the details of TSPC pulsed latch design and optimization for low power. The proposed circuit uses MTCMOS technique resulting in significant energy savings. This proposed circuit outcomes existing designs and shows the best result. The leakage power is reduced by using best technique among all run time techniques viz. MTCMOS. Thereby comparison of different conventional flip-flops and TSPC...

As the performance and scale of IC increases, the problem of power dissipation becomes more and more noticeable. Hence, how to reduce power dissipation has become a significant research issue in the field of VLSI design. Adiabatic circuits, which adopt a gradually rising and falling power-clock, can result in a considerable energy saving. In this book, I emphasized on complementary pass transistor logic and efficient charge recovery logic approaches. A novel low power adiabatic CPAL full adder is proposed with low power consumption than any other circuit reported in literature. These all...

Chemical modification and protein engineering, by searching for homologs in hyperthermophiles especially are useful tools for thermo stabilizing proteins, and also for elucidating the mechanism of protein stability that a single or a few amino acid replacement(s) in a protein is/are sufficient to enhance protein thermostability. Many eukaryotes have no homologs protein in the thermophilic organism; protein engineering would be necessary in such cases. Protein engineering may involve directed evolution. The factors affecting the thermal stability of proteins have been identified by comparison...