Blood groups are classified into several subsystems according to the antigen determinants distributed on surface of red blood corpuscles. The genetic map of blood group is located on several chromosomes of human genome. The study of blood groups is very important in medical use, especially blood transfusion, paternity test and forensic medicine. This book highlights on the using of molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) in the detection of the genotypes of ABO blood group in Iraqi population. The using of these...

Diabetes mellitus (D.M.) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. Because of the distribution of diabetes mellitus and the little studies that concerns by subjects suffer from diabetes mellitus especially type 2 in Iraq, we went to study some of physiological and biochemical changes in patients with type 2 diabetes...