Statistical models attempt to describe and quantify relationships between variables. In the models presented in this chapter, there is a response variable (sometimes called dependent variable) and at least one predictor variable (sometimes called independent or explanatory variable). When investigating a possible cause-and-effect type of relationship, the response variable is the putative effect and the predictors are the hypothesized causes. Typically, there is a main predictor variable of interest; other predictors in the model are called covariates. Unknown covariates or other independent...
Statistical models attempt to describe and quantify relationships between variables. In the models presented in this chapter, there is a response vari...
This book addresses implications for "Gold Standards" of education research-especially in science education and literacy. These standards are meant to provide evidence-based educational outcomes found effective in randomized controlled trials, following patterns of evidence used in medical research. Similar expectations have emerged in other countries-from education ministries, for researchers working with U.S. colleagues, and for researchers with multinational and non-profit support.
The current "Gold Standard" policy, developed in the United States through the 2001 "No Child Left...
This book addresses implications for "Gold Standards" of education research-especially in science education and literacy. These standards are meant...
