Originally published in 1952, this book examines the change from revolutionism to nationalism which took place in the Soviet Union during the 1930s. It describes the course of this change, as shown by Stalin's decrees and writings, and discusses the Stalinist conception of Russian and world history, and its bearing on world revolution.

In this book, originally published in English in 1953, the author, recognized as one of the best-informed experts on Eastern European politics, reconstructed during the course of a decade's work, the real history of Stalin, from his youth in Georgia to the last year of his life. Utilizing an enormous mass of largely unpublsihed documents he reconstructed a living Stalin with all his qualities and faults, crimes and achievements. He tells the secrets of Stalin's rise to power and of the extraordinary complexity and effectiveness of his tactics which can be seen in his attitude towards the...

Originally published in 1989, this book presented the first study of the image of Stalin in literature. Analysing the literary presentaiton of historical character and the treatment of 20th Century tyrants in European prose fiction, the book draws a comparison between the depiction of Hitler in German literature and Stalin in Russian literature. It explores the way in which Stalin has been portrayed by Soviet, emigré Russian, and European writers including Orwell, Nabokov, Mandelstam, Pasternak and Solzhenitsyn. It examines in detail two important novels which had hitherto received little...