Provides mathematicians and applied researchers with a well-developed framework in which option pricing can be formulated, and a natural transition from the theory of optimal stopping problems to the valuation of different kinds of options. With the introduction of generalized optimal stopping theory, a unifying approach to option pricing is presented.

Nobel prize winner Ilya Prigogine writes in his preface: "Irreversibility is a challenge to mathematics... which] leads to generalized functions and to an extension of spectral analysis beyond the conventional Hilbert space theory." Meeting this challenge required new mathematical formulations-obstacles met and largely overcome thanks primarily to the contributors to this volume."
This compilation of works grew out of material presented at the "Hyperfunctions, Operator Theory and Dynamical Systems" symposium at the International Solvay Institutes for Physics and Chemistry in 1997. The...

Multigrid methods are among the most efficient iterative methods for the solution of linear systems which arise in many large scale scientific calculations. Every researcher working with the numerical solution of partial differential equations should at least be familiar with this powerful technique. This invaluable book presents results concerning the rates of convergence of multigrid iterations.

This presentation covers known and new results on extending modules and related notions. An extending module is a module for which every submodule is essential in a direct summand. Semisimple modules, uniform modules and injective modules are examples of extending modules.