Supercritical Fluid Methods and Protocols

ISBN-13: 9781617370793 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 256 str.

John R. Williams; Anthony A. Clifford

Opis

Over the last 15 years, there has been renewed interest in supercritical fluids owing to their unique properties and relatively low environmental impact. Greatest attention has been given to the extraction and separation of organic compounds. Supercritical fluids have also been successfully used for particle production, as reaction media, and for the destruction of toxic waste. Supercritical carbon dioxide has been the most widely used supercritical fluid, mainly because it is cheap, relatively nontoxic, and has convenient critical values. Supercritical fluids have also been used on analytical and preparative scales for many biological and other applications. Many papers have been published on the use of supercritical fluids. However, few have acted as a detailed instruction manual for those wanting to use the techniques for the first time. We anticipate that this Methods in Biotechnology volume, Supercritical Fluid Methods and Protocols will s- isfy the need for such a book. Every chapter has been written by experienced workers and should, if closely followed, enable workers with some or no previous experience of supercritical fluids to conduct experiments successfully at the first attempt.

Recenzje

"Supercritical Fluid is a worthwhile addition to the reference collection of an academic or a special library that serves scientists who carry out extractions or perform liquid chromatography. It will be of special interest to researchers who are seeking solutions to reduce the amount of organic solvent waste material and its related pollution in their laboratories and on their campuses."--Review from E-Streams Vol.3, No. 10, Dec. 2000.

"The book is unique in the supercritical realm in that it is basically a "laboratory manual" and/or a compendium of a wide variety of applications that employ supercritical fluids....The strongest point of the book is the wide diversity in the applications that are demonstrated. This allows the reader no only to see who the investigators are that deal in supercritical fluids but also to ascertain how the experimental strategies differ depending upon the application....This will be an excellent book for anyone working with supercritical fluids and those looking for new applications....should be useful in affording the proper experimental direction."-Journal of Natural Products

"...the editors have drawn on their extensive academic and industrial experience to provide a source book of information on the application of supercritical fluids....The emphasis is on instructions, detailed enough for the neophyte, but with enough discussion to be of value to the more established practitioner....The wide range, clear presentation, uniformity of style and sheer usefulness of this book should guarantee it a place on the shelf of every biotechnologist." - Chromatographia

Spis treści

Introduction to Supercritical Fluids and Their Applications, Anthony A. Clifford and John R. Williams. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Caffeine from Instant Coffee, John R. Dean, Ben Liu, and Edwin Ludkin. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Nitrosamines from Cured Meats, John W. Pensabene and Walter Fiddler. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Melengestrol Acetate from Bovine Fat Tissue, Robert J. Maxwell, Owen W. Parks, Roxanne J. Shadwell, Alan R. Lightfield, Carolyn Henry, and Brenda S. Fuerst. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Polychlorinated Biphenyls from Fish Tissue, Michael O. Gaylor and Robert C. Hale. Isolation of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Fish Products by Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Eila P. Järvenpää and Rainer Huopalahti. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Mycotoxins from Feeds, Rainer Huopalahti and Eila P. Järvenpää. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Pigments from Seeds of Eschscholtzia californica Cham, Maria L. Colombo and Andrea Mossa. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Flumetralin from Tobacco Samples, Fernando M. Lanças, Mário S. Galhiane, and Sandra R. Rissato. Supercritical Fluid Extraction and High Performance Liquid Chromatography Determination of Carbendazim in Bee Larvae, José L. Bernal, Juan J. Jiménez, and María T. Martín. Supercritical Fluid Extraction Coupled with Enzyme Immunoassay Analysis of Soil Herbicides, G. Kim Stearman. The Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Drugs of Abuse from Human Hair, Pascal Kintz and Christian Staub. Application of Direct Aqueous Supercritical Fluid Extraction for the Dynamic Recovery of Testosterone Liberated from the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Testosterone-b-d-Glucuronide, Edward D. Ramsey, Brian Minty, and Anthony T. Rees. Analysis of Anabolic Drugs by Direct Aqueous Supercritical Fluid Extraction Coupled On-Line with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Edward D. Ramsey, Brian Minty, and Anthony T. Rees. Detection of Beta-Blockers in Urine and Serum by Solid-PhaseExtraction-Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Kari Hartonen and Marja-Liisa Riekkola. On-Line SFE-SFC for the Analysis of Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Other Lipids from Water Matrices, Francisco J. Señoráns and Karin E. Markides. Determination of Artemisinin in Artemisia annua L. by Off-Line Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Coupled to an Evaporative Light-Scattering Detector, Marcel Kohler, Werner Haerdi, Philippe Christen, and Jean-Luc Veuthey. Analysis of Cannabis by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection, Michael D. Cole. Direct Chiral Resolution of Optical Isomers of Diltiazem Hydrochloride by Packed Column Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, Koji Yaku, Keiichi Aoe, Noriyuki Nishimura, Tadashi Sato, and Fujio Morishita. Determination of Salbutamol Sulfate and Its Impurities in Pharmaceuticals by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, María J. del Nozal, Laura Toribio, José L. Bernal, and Maria L. Serna. Packed Column Supercritical Fluid Chromatographic Determination of Acetaminophen, Propyphenazone, and Caffeine in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Urmila J. Dhorda, Viddesh R. Bari, and M. Sundaresan. Analysis of Shark Liver Oil by Thin-Layer and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, Christina Borch-Jensen, Magnus Magnussen, and Jørgen Mollerup. Enzymatically Catalyzed Transesterifications in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide, Rolf Marr, Harald Michor, Thomas Gamse, and Helmut Schwab. Transesterification Reactions Catalyzed by Subtilisin Carlsberg Suspended in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and in Supercritical Ethane, Teresa Corrêa de Sampaio and Susana Barreiros. Enzymatic Synthesis of Peptide in Water-Miscible Organic Solvent/Supercritical Carbon Dioxide, Hidetaka Noritomi. Micronization of a Polysaccharide by a Supercritical Antisolvent Technique, Alberto Bertucco and Paolo Pallado. Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions Technology: Production of Fine Particles of Steroid

Blurb

Because of their unique properties and relatively low environmental impact, supercritical fluids have proven highly useful in the extraction and separation of organic compounds, in particle production, as reaction media, and for the destruction of toxic waste. In Supercritical Fluid Methods and Protocols, experienced practitioners present detailed accounts of a wide variety of techniques using supercritical fluids. These range from the supercritical fluid extraction methods for numerous compounds to the ninhydrin staining of fingerprints on checks and banknotes, and from the detection of impurities in pharmaceuticals to a wide variety of applications throughout environmental and food science, and across analytical, clinical, and medicinal chemistry. Detailed step-by-step instructions enable users to apply these essential techniques successfully the first time, and include modifications that permit their effective adaptation to novel experimental or process conditions. For each application, additional discussions provide needed background information, lists of materials and apparatus, and advice about common pitfalls and how to avoid them.
Versatile and comprehensive, Supercritical Methods and Protocols offers both novice and experienced investigators and laboratory analysts powerful tools that will enable successful biological and bioprocess analyses and optimizations today.