Studies in Text Grammar

ISBN-13: 9789401026383 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 349 str.

J. S. Petofi;Hannes Rieser

Opis

If we consider how theoretical operations belonging to the methodological inventory of linguistics are carried out (i. e. the way linguistic theories are set up), three main criteria suggest themselves for classifying them: (1) Both, nature and type of the aims of the scientific knowledge applied which allow to specify the epistemological interests as well as the theoretical impact constituting the purpose of linguistic operations; (2) the nature of the intellectual procedures in connection with which a set of intersubjectively acceptable operations should guarantee that current postulates of the theory of science be maintained; (3) the set of data serving as an empirical basis for the theories to be estab lished on the one hand and as a correlate for the further development, the testing and the evaluation of theories on the other hand. It is to be considered a basic concept (as well as a motive) of current text linguistic research that due to the linguistic analysis of discourses a further development of linguistics has set in or is still to be achieved as regards the three criteria mentioned above. Therefore, if we want to estimate text-linguistic approaches (or concepts), works (methods), or knowledge (results) we should take the view allowing for the general valuation of the linguistic discipline or one of its sub-disciplines. This should be done with respect to the contributions gathered in this volume as well."

Spis treści

Overview.- Text Grammar and Text Logic.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Hypothetic Form of Text Grammar.- 3. Formal Logic and Natural Logic.- 4. Text Logic.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Proofs, Systems and Texts.- 4.3. The Basic Apparatus.- 4.4. Quantification and Identification.- 4.5. Identity.- 4.6. Partial Identity, Inclusion and Elements of Sets.- 4.7. Intensional Coherence.- 4.8. Intensional Identity, Predicates.- 4.9. Propositions, Presuppositions, Consequences, Connectives.- 4.10. A Provisional List of Derivational Principles of Text Logic.- 4.11. Example of Natural Derivation.- 5. Summary.- On Various Solutions of the Problem of Presuppositions.- Pragmatic Implication.- 1. Elements of a Pragmatic Language.- 2. Truth Conditions for Formulas with Series of Epistemic Operators with Alternating Subscripts.- 3. Pragmatic Implication.- 4. Other Types of Pragmatic Implications.- 5. Summary.- Time and Text: Towards an Adequate Heuristics.- 1. Preliminaries.- 2. Note on the ‘Meta-Theoretical Paradigm’.- 3. Brief Sketch of a Model of Language Functioning.- 3.1. The Anthropo-Cybernetic Model of the System ‘Man-World’.- 3.2. Language.- 3.3. Text.- 3.4. Time.- 4. Time and Text.- 5. Concluding Remarks.- Towards an Empirically Motivated Grammatical Theory of Verbal Texts.- I. Sentence Grammars and Text Grammars.- 0. Introduction.- 1. State of the Grammatical Theory of Verbal Texts.- 2. Some General Questions Concerning the Set-Up of Sentence Grammars.- 3. Some General Questions Concerning the Set-Up of Text Grammars.- II. A ‘Not Fixed Linearity Text Grammar’. The Present Stage of its Development.- 0. Introduction.- 1. The Formation Rule System.- 2. The Transformation Rule System.- 3. On the Structure of the Lexicon.- 4. The Algorithm for the Analysis of Texts.- 5. The Algorithm for the Synthesis of Texts.- 6. The Algorithm for the Comparison of Texts.- 7. Concluding Remarks.- Sentence Grammar, Text Grammar, and the Evaluation Problem. Some Remarks Concerning the Theoretical Foundation and the Possible Application of Text Grammars.- 1. Some Remarks on the Meta-Theoretical Postulates and Conventions to Be Used.- 2. Some Informal Remarks on the Structure of $${G_{}}$$, i.e. the Phrase Structure Grammar (PSG) to Be Used.- 3. Specification of the Categories Used.- 3.1. Main Categories of VNT.- 3.2. Sub-Categories.- 3.3. Numerical and Other Indices.- 3.4. Semantic Relations.- 4. A Sentence Grammar$${G_{}}$$Generating a Set of Sentences (a Language Ldoof which the Sentence SAT[IMP](1)11 is an element.- 4.1. Syntactic Rules.- 4.2. Semantic Rules.- 4.3. Lexical Entries with Specified Readings.- 4.4. An Applicability Condition for Rule (+ACo-14).- 5. Some Arguments for the Delimitation of a Sub-Grammarj$${G_{}}$$Based on Syntax and Semantics, i.e. a Grammar Enumerating only Sentences (Norms, Directives) Belonging to the German Language of Jurisdiction.- 6. On the Derivation of Synonymous and Hyperonymous Sentences by Grammars of the Typej$${G_{}}$$.- 7. Some Remarks on the Evaluation ofj$${G_{}}$$.- On the Validation of Text-Grammars in the ‘Study of Literature’.- Abstract.- 0. Preface.- 1. The Validation of Text-Grammars in the Study of Literature.- 2. The Empirical Content of the Study of Literature.- 3. Reconstruction of the Text Concept.