Recent Advances in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring: Volume II

ISBN-13: 9783034808187 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 442 str.

Martin B. Kalinowski; Andreas Becker

Opis

This volume is a follow-up of PAGEOPH Topical Volume 167 (2010) and again reports on the latest advances in science and technology that have been achieved to monitor compliance with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). This progress in the development and testing of new sensor technologies and analysis methodologies in all relevant scientific disciplines improves the detection, location and characterization of CTBT-relevant events. In particular the latter poses a challenge for smaller events, where natural or manmade but CTBT-irrelevant sources can generate false positive events. Being able to effectively identify these events while maintaining a minimum risk of missing a nuclear explosion is the overall challenge. The 29 papers in this volume can be structured into 16 waveform studies, eight contributions in the field of radionuclide monitoring and related atmospheric backtracking and five papers related to on-site inspection or overhead detection of relevant events, with many of these originally presented at a special session on Research and Development in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring at the most recent annual General Assemblies of the European Geosciences Union (EGU). The volume addresses the interests of scientists and practitioners whose work is related to the CTBT relevant applications and technologies in the fields of seismology, hydro-acoustics, infra-sound, meteorology and nuclear physics."

Spis treści

Introduction.- A Multidisciplinary Study of the DPRK Nuclear Tests.- The IDC Seismic, Hydroacoustic and Infrasound Global Low and High Noise Models.- The Applicability of Incoherent Array Processing to IMS Seismic Arrays.- A Machine Learning Approach for Improving the Detection Capabilities at 3C Seismic Stations.- “Repeating Events” as Estimator of Location Precision: The China National Seismograph Network.- Cross-correlation Coefficients for the Study of Repeating Earthquakes: An Investigation of Two Empirical Assumption/Convention in Seismological Interpretation Practice.- Perspectives of Cross Correlation in Seismic Monitoring at the International Data Centre.- How to Invert Multi-Band, Regional Phase Amplitudes for 2-D Attenuation and Source Parameters: Tests Using the USArray.- Mantle Attenuation Estimated from Regional and Teleseismic P-waves of Deep Earthquakes and Surface Explosions.- Seismic Source Characteristics of Nuclear and Chemical Explosions in Granite from Hydrodynamic Simulations.- Testing Event Discrimination over Broad Regions using the Historical Borovoye Observatory Explosion Dataset.- Sources of Error and the Statistical Formulation of MS:mb Seismic Event Screening Analysis.- Visual Event Screening of Continuous Seismic Data by Supersonograms.- Suppression of Periodic Disturbances in Seismic Aftershock Recordings for Better Localisation of Underground Explosions.- The Influence of Spatial Filters on Infrasound Array Responses.- Sources of Error Model and Progress Metrics for Acoustic/Infrasonic Analysis: Location Estimation.- GT0 Explosion Sources for IMS Infrasound Calibration: Charge Design and Yield Estimation from Near-Source Observations.- Modelling of a Single-channel Beta-gamma Coincidence Phoswich Detector Using Geant4 for the Conversion Electron Energy Peak Resolution and Beta-gamma Coincidence Efficiency Improvement.- Analysis of Radionuclide Releases from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident. Part I.- Analysis of Radionuclide Releases from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident. Part II.- Discrimination of Nuclear Explosions against Civilian Sources Based on Atmospheric Radioiodine Isotopic Activity Ratios.- Isotopic Characterization of Radioiodine and Radioxenon in Releases from Underground Nuclear Explosions with Various Degrees of Fractionation.- Potential of Spectrum Categorisation Concepts Using Radionuclide Ratios for Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verification.- Impact of monthly radioxenon source time-resolution on atmospheric concentration predictions.- Global Xenon-133 Emission Inventory Caused by Medical Isotope Production and Derived from the Worldwide Technetium-99m Demand.- Detection of Noble Gas Radionuclides from an Underground Nuclear Explosion During a CTBT On Site Inspection.- Modeling Noble Gas Transport and Detection for The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.- Application of Geophysical Techniques in Identifying UNE Signatures at Semipalatinsk Test Site (for OSI Purposes).- Overhead Detection of Underground Nuclear Explosions by Multi-Spectral and Infrared Imaging.

O autorze

Andreas Becker, Wirtschaftsingenieur, Gründer und Leiter des Studienbüros Jetzt & Morgen arbeitete in Institutsforschung und Industrie. Langjährige Beschäftigung mit den Themen Umweltschutz, Volkswirtschaft und Gesellschaft.