Rationality: Constraints and Contexts

ISBN-13: 9780128046005 / Angielski / Twarda / 2016 / 298 str.

Tzu-Wei Hung; Tzu-Wei Hung; Timothy Joseph Lane

Opis

Rationality: Contexts and Constraints is an interdisciplinary reappraisal of the nature of rationality. In method, it is pluralistic, drawing upon the analytic approaches of philosophy, linguistics, neuroscience, and more. These methods guide exploration of the intersection between traditional scholarship and cutting-edge philosophical or scientific research. In this way, the book contributes to development of a suitably revised, comprehensive understanding of rationality, one that befits the 21st century, one that is adequately informed by recent investigations of science, pathology, non-human thought, emotion, and even enigmatic Chinese texts that might previously have seemed to be expressions of irrationalism.

• Addresses recent challenges and Identifies a direction for future research on rationality
• Investigates the relationship between rationality and mental disorders, such as delusion and depression
• Assesses reasoning in artificial intelligence and nonhuman animals
• Reflects on ancient Chinese Philosophy and possible cultural differences in human psychology
• Employs philosophical reflection, along with linguistic, probabilistic, and logical techniques

Spis treści

Part I: Introduction 1. Rationality and its Contexts Timothy Joseph Lane

Part II: Science 2. Bayesian Psychology and Human Rationality Shaun Nichols & Richard Samuels 3. Scientific Rationality: Phlogiston as a Case Study Jonathon Hricko 4. Cross-cultural Differences in Thinking: Some Thoughts on Psychological Paradigms Ngar Yin Louis Lee

Part III: Pathology 5. Delusion and the Norms of Rationality Tim Bayne 6. Outline of a Theory of Delusion: Irrationality and Pathological Belief Ian Gold 7. Is Depressive Rumination Rational? Timothy Joseph Lane & Georg Northoff

Part IV: Irrationality 8. Reason and Unreason in Chinese Philosophy Yiu-ming Fung 9. Irrationally Intelligible or Rationally Unintelligible? Wai Chun Leong 10. Does Classical Chinese Philosophy Reveal Alternative Rationalities? Ting-mien Lee

Part V: Non-Human  11. Bridging the Logic-Based and Probability-Based Approaches to Artificial Intelligence Hanti Lin 12. Rationality and Escherichia coli Tzu-Wei Hung

Part VI: Communication and Emotion 13. Rational Belief and Evidence-Based Update Eric McCready 14. Reason and Emotion in Xunzi's Moral Psychology Ellie Hua Wang

O autorze

Tzu-Wei Hung is an assistant research fellow and a project coordinator at the Institute of European and American Studies at the Academia Sincia. His research and teaching interests include philosophy of psychology, philosophy of language, and early Formosan Philosophy. He is also the editor of Communicative Action (Springer) and Existential Engagement (Academia Sinica). His honors include the Taiwan Merit Scholarship, National Science Council and the Academia Sinica Fellowships for Doctoral Candidates in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Timothy Joseph Lane holds the Philosophy of Mind Chair at Taipei Medical University (TMU). He is also Dean of TMU's College of Humanities and Social Sciences, and Director of TMU-Shuang Ho Hospital's Brain and Consciousness Research Center. In addition, he is a joint-appointed Research Fellow with Academia Sinica's Institute of European and American Studies, as well as an adjunct research fellow with National Chengchi University's Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning. His articles have appeared in numerous journals, including: Trends in Cognitive Sciences, The Journal of Philosophy, Analysis, Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, and Social Neuroscience. He has been the recipient of awards from many agencies and foundations, including the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the National Institute of Mental Health and the Joseph and Frances Morgan-Swain Foundation. He was also awarded the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology's highest award for research excellence.