Prevention and Control of Infections in Hospitals: Practice and Theory

ISBN-13: 9783319999203 / Angielski / Miękka / 2019 / 1127 str.

Bjrg Marit Andersen

Opis

This volume educates on preventive and infection surveillance procedures, routines and policies adapted to an optimal infection control level needed to tackle today's microbes in hospital practice.

Spis treści

• Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI), registering and prevalence

• Microbes and ways of transmission

• Antimicrobials and resistance

• Tracing and prevention of infections

• Prevention of infections in Healthcare workers (HCW)

o Use of uniform

o Vaccination and Control

o HCW with infections/carrier state.

o Pregnant HCW's 

o Tuberculosis

o Exposure to blood/tissue by accident (HIV, Hepatitis etc)

• Hand hygiene and the use of gloves

• Protection of Airways

• Isolation to protect against microbial transmission

o General information

o Contact isolation

o Protection against transmission of bloodborne agents

o Airborne infections- isolation

o High-risk, strict isolation

o Protective isolation

• Care of patients; patient hygiene, mouth hygiene, treatment of wounds etc .

• Protection against airborne infections; ventilator equipments: use, cleaning and disinfection; ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) etc.

• Prevention of postoperative  wound infections

• Surgical hand disinfection

• Operation department- prevention of infections.

• Treatment of operation wounds and drains

• Peritoneal dialysis

• Hemodialysis

• Catheter-associated, bloodborne infections

• Prevention of urinary tract infections

• Protection of premature and newborne against infections

• Intensive patient treatment - prevention of infections

• Cystic fibrosis - infections and preventive measures

• Important patient information before admission

• Import infections, unknown infection – preventive measures

• HCW exposed for infections

• Preventing transmission  in healthcare institutions of

o MRSA – methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

o VRE – vancomycin-resistant  enterococci

o Multiple resistant Gramnegative rods

o Gastrointestinal infections

o Clostridium difficile

o Noro virus and other intestinal pathogenic virus

o Prion disease

o Tuberculosis

o Scabies

• Disinfection of instruments and equipment

• Disinfection of endoscopes and other special equipment

• Sterilization

• Medicine room; hygiene and infection control

• Cleaning of patient rooms and departments

• Disinfection of rooms and areas

• Textiles; wash, control, transport and store

• Patient beds; wash, control, transport and store

• Human-biological waste; treatment, storing cleaning, control

• Ambulances in acute medicine and other transport of patients

• Food and other nourishment; service, dishwashing and control of hygiene• Water and water systems in hospitals

• Technical and medical-technical equipment – infection control

• Laboratory medicine – infection control

• Building, arrange and establish on wards/departments:

o Kitchen on wards

o Disinfection room

o Hospital departments/new hospitals

• Intern hygiene control – check list

• Dangerous microbes – preparedness in hospitals

o Leadership/-group

o Sceneries

o Capacity; isolates, equipment, HCW, specialists, use of PPE etc

o Communication, triage, patient logistic

o VHF- viral hemorrhagic fever and other serious illnesses

o Preparedness for biological weapons

o Dangerous infection combined with dangerous chemicals

• Resources for infection control work in hospitals

O autorze

Bjørg Marit Andersen is Doctor in Medicine, Specialist in Medical Microbiology, Professor in Infection Control and Hygiene, and former head of Department of Hospital Infections, Oslo University Hospital - Ullevål,  with regional infection control responsibilities for Health Region East, and later the South-Eastern part of Norway. She is a lecturer in infection control, hygiene and medical microbiology for healthcare personnel at several universities and high schools in Norway. She has also been a lecturer in infectious diseases at Ullevål University Hospital, head of microbiological department at the University Hospital of North Norway in Tromsø and special adviser in communicable disease control for Army Medical.

Bjørg Marit Andersen was a guest researcher at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CDC, in Atlanta, USA, and has also studied infection control at hospitals in the US by the Minnesota Department of Health. For several years she has been a member of SHEA Guidelines Committee working with supervisors regarding infection control.

She has more than 350 publications within the field of medical microbiology/infectious diseases/hospital infection control, including more than 100 original works. In addition, she wrote several review articles, abstracts, books, and Handbooks in: Medical microbiology (last one in 2014), Infection control in LTCF (last one in 2013), and Infection Control in Hospitals (Norwegian edition in 2016).

Bjørg Marit Andersen received the Norwegian Medical Society’ quality price in 2001. 

Blurb

This volume offers extensive information on preventive and infection surveillance procedures, routines and policies adapted to the optimal infection control level needed to tackle today’s microbes in hospital practice. It especially focuses on preventive measures for serious hospital infections. Each chapter includes a practical section that addresses the main aspects of procedures and treatment, and a theoretical section that contains updated documentation that can be used for further study, or to help select infection control measures.

Infection control concerns all healthcare professional working directly or indirectly with patients; in diagnosis, treatment, isolation measures, operations, equipment, drugs, cleaning, textiles, transport, porter service, food and water, building and maintenance, etc.

Hygiene and environmental control is central to infection prevention for patients, visitors and staff alike. Good hygienic practices, individual infection control, well implemented and frequent environmental cleaning, and a high professional standard of hygiene in the treatment and care of patients, are essential to patient safety and a safe working environment. Addressing this essential topic, this book is intended for doctors, nurses and other healthcare workers, students in health-related subjects, hospital managers and health bureaucrats, as well as patients and their families.