Low-Dimensional Solids

ISBN-13: 9780470997512 / Angielski / Twarda / 2010 / 312 str.

Duncan W. Bruce; Richard Walton; Dermot O'Hare

Opis

With physical properties that often may not be described by the transposition of physical laws from 3D space across to 2D or even 1D space, low-dimensional solids exhibit a high degree of anisotropy in the spatial distribution of their chemical bonds. This means that they can demonstrate new phenomena such as charge-density waves and can display nanoparticulate (0D), fibrous (1D) and lamellar (2D) morphologies. This text presents some of the most recent research into the synthesis and properties of these solids and covers:

• Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
• Inorganic Nanotubes and Nanowires
• Biomedical Applications of Layered Double Hydroxides
• Carbon Nanotubes and Related Structures
• Superconducting Borides

Introducing topics such as novel layered superconductors, inorganic-DNA delivery systems and the chemistry and physics of inorganic nanotubes and nanosheets, this book discusses some of the most exciting concepts in this developing field. Additional volumes in the Inorganic Materials Book Series: Molecular Materials
Functional Oxides
Porous Materials
Energy Materials All volumes are sold individually or as comprehensive 5 Volume Set.

Recenzje

"Introducing topics such as novel layered superconductors, inorganic–DNA delivery systems and the chemistry and physics of inorganic nanotubes and nanosheets, Low–Dimensional Solids discusses some of the most exciting concepts in this developing field". (Centre Daily Times, 19 January 2011)

Spis treści

Inorganic Materials Series Preface.

Preface.

List of Contributors.

1 Metal Oxide Nanoparticles (Alan V. Chadwick and Shelly L.P. Savin).

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 Oxide Types; Point Defects and Electrical Conductivity.

1.3 Preparation of Nanoionic Materials.

1.4 Characterisation.

1.4.1 Determination of Particle Size and Dispersion.

1.4.2 Characterisation of Microstructure.

1.4.3 Transport Measurements.

1.5 Review of the Current Experimental Data and their Agreement with Theory.

1.5.1 Microstructure.

1.5.2 Transport.

1.5.3 Mechanical Properties.

1.5.4 Magnetic Properties.

1.6 Applications.

1.6.1 Gas Sensors.

1.6.2 Batteries.

1.6.3 Fuel Cells.

1.6.4 Catalysis and Adsorption.

1.6.5 Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanocrystalline Oxides.

1.7 Overview and Prospects.

References.

2 Inorganic Nanotubes and Nanowires (C.N.R. Rao, S.R.C. Vivekchand and A. Govindaraj).

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Inorganic Nanotubes.

2.2.1 Synthesis.

2.2.2 Functionalisation and Solubilisation.

2.2.3 Properties and Applications.

2.3 Nanowires.

2.3.1 Synthesis.

2.3.2 Self–Assembly and Functionalisation.

2.3.3 Properties and Applications.

2.4 Outlook.

References.

3 Biomedical Applications of Layered Double Hydroxides (Jin–Ho Choy, Jae–Min Oh and Dae–Hwan Park).

3.1 Introduction.

3.1.1 Layered Nanohybrids.

3.1.2 Layered Nanomaterials.

3.2 Nanomaterials for Biological Applications.

3.2.1 Layered Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications.

3.2.2 Cellular Uptake Pathway of Drug–Inorganic Nanohybrids.

3.2.3 Targeting Effect of Drug–Inorganic Nanohybrids.

3.3 Nanomaterials for DNA Molecular Code System.

3.3.1 Genetic Molecular Code in DNA.

3.3.2 Chemically and Biologically Stabilised DNA in Layered Nanoparticles.

3.3.3 Invisible DNA Molecular Code System for Ubiquitous Application.

3.4 Conclusion.

References.

4 Carbon Nanotubes and Related Structures (M. Angeles Herranz, Juan Luis Delgado and Nazario Martín).

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Endohedral Fullerenes.

4.2.1 Endohedral Metallofullerenes.

4.2.2 Surgery of Fullerenes.

4.3 Carbon Nanotubes.

4.3.1 Covalent Functionalisation.

4.3.2 Noncovalent Functionalisation.

4.3.3 Endohedral Functionalisation.

4.4 Other Carbon Nanotube Forms.

4.4.1 Cup–Stacked Carbon Nanotubes.

4.4.2 Carbon Nanohorns.

4.4.3 Carbon Nanobuds.

4.4.4 Carbon Nanotori.

4.5 Carbon Nano–Onions.

4.6 Graphenes.

4.7 Summary and Outlook.

Acknowledgements.

References.

5 Magnesium Diboride MgB₂: A Simple Compound with Important Physical Properties (Michael Pissas).

5.1 Introduction.

5.1.1 Electronic Structure of MgB₂.

5.1.2 Substitutions in MgB₂ Superconductor.

5.2 Preparation of Pure and Alloyed MgB₂.

5.2.1 Preparation of Pure and Alloyed Polycrystalline MgB₂.

5.2.2 Single Crystal Growth of Pristine and Alloyed MgB₂.

5.3 Physical Properties of MgB₂.

5.3.1 Boron Isotope Effect.

5.3.2 Evidence for Two Energy Gaps in MgB₂.

5.3.3 Dependence of the Superconducting Transition Temperature on Hydrostatic Pressure.

5.3.4 Resistivity Measurements in MgB₂.

5.4 Flux Line Properties in Single Crystals of MgB₂, Mg_1–xAl_xB₂ and MgB_2–xCx.

5.4.1 Type II Superconductors.

5.4.2 Flux Line Properties of Pristine MgB₂.

5.4.3 Aluminium Substituted Single Crystals.

5.4.4 Carbon Substituted Single Crystals.

5.4.5 Two–Band Superconductivity and Possible Implications on the Vortex Matter Phase Diagram.

5.5 Conclusions.

References.

Index.

O autorze

Professor Duncan Bruce graduated from the University of Liverpool (UK), where he also gained his PhD. In 1984, he took up a Temporary Lectureship in Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Sheffield and was awarded a Royal Society Warren Research Fellowship. He was then appointed Lecturer in Chemistry and later Senior Lecturer and co–director of the Sheffield Centre for Molecular Materials. In 1995, he was appointed Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Exeter. Following the closure of Exeter′s chemistry department in 2005, Professor Bruce took up his present position as Professor of Materials Chemistry in York. He is currently Chair of the Royal Society of Chemistry Materials Chemistry Forum. His current research interests include liquid crystals and silicates. His work has been recognized by various awards including the British Liquid Crystal Society′s first Young Scientist prize and the RSC′s Sir Edward Frankland Fellowship and Corday–Morgan Medal and Prize. He has held visiting positions in Australia, France, Japan and Italy.

Dr. Richard Walton, who was also formerly based in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Exeter, now works in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Warwick. His research group works in the area of solid–state materials chemistry and has a number of projects focusing upon the synthesis, structural characterization and properties of inorganic materials.

Dermot O′Hare is Professor in the Chemistry Research Laboratory at the University of Oxford.
His research group has a wide range of research interests. They all involve synthetic chemistry ranging from organometallic chemistry to the synthesis of new microporous solids.
Duncan Bruce and Dermot O′Hare have edited several editions of Inorganic Materials published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Blurb

With physical properties that often may not be described by the transposition of physical laws from 3D space across to 2D or even 1D space, low–dimensional solids exhibit a high degree of anisotropy in the spatial distribution of their chemical bonds. This means that they can demonstrate new phenomena such as charge–density waves and can display nanoparticulate (0D), fibrous (1D) and lamellar (2D) morphologies.

Low–Dimensional Solids presents some of the most recent research into the synthesis and properties of these solids and covers:

• Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
• Inorganic Nanotubes and Nanowires
• Biomedical Applications of Layered Double Hydroxides
• Carbon Nanotubes and Related Structures
• Superconducting Borides

Introducing topics such as novel layered superconductors, inorganic–DNA delivery systems and the chemistry and physics of inorganic nanotubes and nanosheets, Low–Dimensional Solids discusses some of the most exciting concepts in this developing field.

Additional volumes in the Inorganic Materials Series:

Molecular Materials | Functional Oxides | Porous Materials | Energy Materials