Involution: The Formal Theory of Differential Equations and Its Applications in Computer Algebra

ISBN-13: 9783642261350 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 650 str.

Werner M. Seiler

Opis

As long as algebra and geometry proceeded along separate paths, their advance was slow and their applications limited. But when these sciences joined company they drew from each other fresh vitality and thenceforward marched on at rapid pace towards perfection Joseph L. Lagrange The theory of differential equations is one of the largest elds within mathematics and probably most graduates in mathematics have attended at least one course on differentialequations. But differentialequationsare also offundamentalimportance in most applied sciences; whenever a continuous process is modelled mathem- ically, chances are high that differential equations appear. So it does not surprise that many textbooks exist on both ordinary and partial differential equations. But the huge majority of these books makes an implicit assumption on the structure of the equations: either one deals with scalar equations or with normal systems, i. e. with systems in Cauchy-Kovalevskaya form. The main topic of this book is what happens, if this popular assumption is dropped. This is not just an academic exercise; non-normal systems are ubiquitous in - plications. Classical examples include the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations of uid dynamics, Maxwell's equations of electrodynamics, the Yang-Mills eq- tions of the fundamental gauge theories in modern particle physics or Einstein's equations of general relativity. But also the simulation and control of multibody systems, electrical circuits or chemical reactions lead to non-normal systems of - dinary differential equations, often called differential algebraic equations. In fact, most of the differentialequationsnowadaysencounteredby engineersand scientists are probably not normal.

The book provides a self-contained account of the formal theory of general, i.e. also under- and overdetermined, systems of differential equations which in its central notion of involution combines geometric, algebraic, homological and combinatorial ideas. It presents for the first time in book form the theory of Pommaret bases, a special kind of Gröbner bases closely related to Koszul homology, and contains an extensive discussion of the existence and uniqueness of solutions of formally well-posed initial value problems and a novel presentation of Vessiot's dual version of the Cartan-Kähler theory. Special emphasis is put on a constructive approach leading to effective algorithms.

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"The first book that provides a self-contained treatment of constructive and algorithmic ideas and methods in FTDE ... . the book Involution is unique, self-contained ... complete and, in addition, well-written with numerous instructive examples and comprehensive bibliography devoted to the constructive differential-geometric and computer-algebraic aspects of involutivity analysis of differential and polynomial equations and their applications. It can be recommended to researchers, postgraduate and advanced graduate students." (Vladimir P. Gerdt, Computeralgebra-Rundbrief, October, 2010)

"This book deals with the formal theory of general ... systems of differential equations. ... starts with an introduction to a geometric approach to differential equations via the jet bundle formalism. ... this is a very interesting book with many instructive examples and strong emphasis placed on a constructive approach leading to effective algorithms. It is well written, so it is suitable for and recommended to anyone who is interested in computer-algebraic aspects of involutivity analysis of differential and polynomial equations and their applications." (Lech Slawik, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2011 h)

"The book targets the mathematically mature reader who can handle the frequent jumps between geometric and algebraic approaches. It is written at the postgraduate level ... . Seiler strikes a good balance between theory, algorithms, and applications. ... Seiler's book hopes to bridge two research communities: one of differential geometers concerned with the formal analysis of differential equations, the other of (computer) algebraists interested in computations with polynomial modules." (Willy Hereman, SIAM Review, Vol. 53 (3), 2011)

Spis treści

Formal Geometry of Differential Equations.- Involution I: Algebraic Theory.- Completion to Involution.- Structure Analysis of Polynomial Modules.- Involution II: Homological Theory.- Involution III: Differential Theory.- The Size of the Formal Solution Space.- Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions.- Linear Differential Equations.- Miscellaneous.- Algebra.- Differential Geometry.

O autorze

W.M. Seiler is professor for computational mathematics (algorithmic algebra) at Kassel University. His research fields include differential equations, commutative algebra and mechanics. He is particularly interested in combining geometric and algebraic approaches. For many years, he has been an external developer for the computer algebra system MuPAD.