High Resolution EPR: Applications to Metalloenzymes and Metals in Medicine

ISBN-13: 9780387848556 / Angielski / Twarda / 2009 / 666 str.

Graeme Hanson; Lawrence Berliner

Opis

Metalloproteins comprise approximately 30% of all known proteins, and are involved in a variety of biologically important processes, including oxygen transport, biosynthesis, electron transfer, biodegradation, drug metabolism, proteolysis, and hydrolysis of amides and esters, environmental sulfur and nitrogen cycles, and disease mechanisms. EPR spectroscopy has an important role in not only the geometric structural characterization of the redox cofactors in metalloproteins but also their electronic structure, as this is crucial for their reactivity. The advent of x-ray crystallographic snapshots of the active site redox cofatcors in metalloenzymes in conjunction with high-resolution EPR spectroscopy has provided detailed structural insights into their catalytic mechanisms.This volume was conceived in 2005 at the Rocky Mountain Conference on Analytical Chemistry (EPR Symposium) to highlight the importance of highresolution EPR spectroscopy to the structural (geometric and electronic) characterization of redox active cofactors in metalloproteins. We have been fortunate to have enlisted internationally recognized experts in this joint venture to provide the scientific community with an overview of high-resolution EPR and its application to metals in biology. This volume, High-Resolution EPR: Applications to Metalloenzymes and Metals in Medicine, covers high-resolution EPR methods, iron proteins, nickel and copper enzymes, and metals in medicine. An eloquent synopsis of each chapter is provided by John Pilbrow in the Introduction which follows. A second volume, Metals in Biology: Applications of High-Resolution EPR to Metalloenzymes, will appear later this year covering the complement of other metalloproteins.One of the pioneers in the development of pulsed EPR and its application to metalloproteins was Arthur Schweiger, whose contribution we include in this volume. Unfortunately, he passed away suddenly during the preparation of this volume. The editors and coauthors are extremely honored to dedicate this volume to the memory of Arthur Schweiger in recognition of his technical advances and insights into pulsed EPR and its application to metalloproteins. Arthur was extremely humble and treated everyone with equal respect. He was a gifted educator with an ability to explain complex phenomena in terms of simple intuitive pictures, had a delightful personality, and continues to be sadly missed by the community.It is an honor for the editors to facilitate the dissemination of these excellent contributions to the scientific community. Suggestions for future volumes are always appreciated.

Spis treści

Chapter 1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 1 John R. Pilbrow HIGH-RESOLUTION EPR METHODS Chapter 2 Advanced Pulse EPR Methods for the Characterization of Metalloproteins Jeffrey Harmer, George Mitrikas, and Arthur Schweiger 1. Introduction................................................................................................. 13 2. Spin Hamiltonian ........................................................................................ 15 3. ESEEM Basics ............................................................................................ 20 4. Electron Nuclear Double Resonance (ENDOR).......................................... 40 5. Field-Swept EPR Experiments .................................................................... 52 6. Strategies and Outlook ................................................................................ 54 Chapter 3 Probing Structural and Electronic Parameters in Randomly Oriented Metalloproteins by Orientation-Selective ENDOR Spectroscopy Reinhard Kappl, Gerhard Bracic, and Jürgen Hüttermann 1. Introduction................................................................................................. 64 2. Theory ......................................................................................................... 65 3. Orientation Selection in EPR and ENDOR................................................. 74 4. Examples of Applications: Iron–Sulfur Proteins......................................... 82 5. Summary ..................................................................................................... 100 Chapter 4 Molecular Sophe: An Integrated Approach to the Structural Characterization of Metalloproteins: The Next Generation of Computer SimulationSoftware Graeme R. Hanson, Christopher J. Noble, and Simon Benson 1. Introduction................................................................................................. 105 2. Molecular Sophe Computational Software Suite ........................................ 114 3. Sophe: Computational Code........................................................................ 150 4. Molecular Sophe — Examples.................................................................... 159 5. Advances in Spectral Optimization ............................................................. 167 6. Conclusions................................................................................................. 171 Chapter 5 Spin-Hamiltonian Parameters from First Principle Calculations: Theory and Application Frank Neese 1. Introduction................................................................................................. 175 2. Electronic Structure Theory of Spin-Hamiltonian Parameters .................... 177 3. Case Studies ................................................................................................ 201 4. Concluding Remarks ................................................................................... 222 IRON PROTEINS Chapter 6 EPR of Mononuclear Non-Heme Iron Proteins Betty J. Gaffney 1. EPR of Mononuclear, High-Spin Ferric Non-Heme Proteins ...................... 233 2. EPR of Mononuclear, Low-Spin Ferric Non-Heme Proteins ....................... 251 3. Radical (S = 1/2) Probes of Ferrous (S = 2) Iron ........................................ 251 Chapter 7 Binuclear Non-Heme Iron Enzymes Nataša Mitic, Gerhard Schenk, and Graeme R. Hanson 1. Introduction.................................................................................................. 269 2. Bacterial

O autorze

Prof. Graeme Hanson, located in the Centre for Magnetic Resonance at the University of Queensland, has applied a unique synergistic approach involving both theoretical and experimental aspects of multifrequency continuous wave and pulsed EPR spectroscopy to structurally (geometric and electronic) characterise the metal binding sites in metalloenzymes and transition metal ion complexes. The development and commercialisation of the XSophe-Sophe-XeprView (CW EPR) and Molecular Sophe(CW EPR, Pulsed EPR and ENDOR) computer simulation software suites has been crucial in the characterisation of these biological inorganic systems.

 

Dr. Lawrence J. Berliner is currently at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, where he was Professor and Chair for the past 8 years. He retired from The Ohio State University, where he spent a 32-year career in the area of biological magnetic resonance (EPR and NMR). He has been recognized by the International EPR Society with the Silver Medal for Biology/Medicine in 2000. He also received the Lifetime Achievement Award in Biological EPR Spectroscopy at EPR-2005. He is the Series Editor for Biological Magnetic Resonance, which he launched in 1979.

Blurb

High Resolution EPR: Applications to Metalloenzymes and Metals in Medicine

Prof. Graeme Hanson, University of Queensland and Prof. Lawrence Berliner, University of Denver

Metalloproteins are involved in a variety of biologically important processes, including metal ion and oxygen transport, biosynthesis, electron transfer, biodegradation, drug metabolism, proteolysis and peptide hydrolysis, environmental oxygen, sulphur, and nitrogen cycles, and disease states. High-resolution EPR spectroscopy is crucial in determining the geometric and electronic structural characterization of the redox cofactors in metalloenzymes, which is essential for understanding their reactivity in complex biological systems.

This volume, Part I of a two-volume set, covers high-resolution EPR methods, computer simulation, density functional theory, and their application to iron proteins, nickel, and copper enzymes and metals in medicine. The following chapters, written by experts in their fields, include:

Advanced Pulse EPR Methods for the Characterization of Metalloproteins: Jeffrey Harmer, George Mitrikas, and Arthur Schweiger

Probing Structural and Electronic Parameters in Randomly Oriented Metalloproteins by Orientation-Selective ENDOR Spectroscopy: Reinhard Kappl, Gerhard Bracic, and Jürgen Hüttermann

Molecular Sophe: An Integrated Approach to the Structural Characterization of Metalloproteins: The Next Generation of Computer Simulation Software: Graeme Hanson, Christopher Noble, and Simon Benson

Spin-Hamiltonian Parameters from First Principle Calculations: Theory and Application: Frank Neese

EPR of Mononuclear Non-Heme Iron Proteins: Betty Gaffney

Binuclear Non-Heme Iron Enzymes: Nataša Mitic, Gerhard Schenk, and Graeme Hanson

Probing the Structure–Function Relationship of Heme Proteins Using Multifrequency Pulse EPR Techniques: Sabine Van Doorslaer

EPR Studies of the Chemical Dynamics of NO and Hemoglobin Interactions: Benjamin Luchsinger, Eric Walter, Lisa Lee, Jonathan Stamler, and David Singel

EPR Investigation of [NiFe] Hydrogenases: Maurice van Gastel and Wolfgang Lubitz

Unique Spectroscopic Features and Electronic Structures of Copper Proteins: Relation to Reactivity: Jungjoo Yoon and Edward Solomon

Insulin-Enhancing Vanadium Pharmaceuticals: The Role of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Methods in the Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potential: Barry Liboiron

Chromium in Cancer and Dietary Supplements: Aviva Levina, Rachel Codd, and Peter Lay

High-Frequency EPR and ENDOR Characterization of MRI Contrast Agents: Arnold Raitsimring, Andrei Astashkin, and Peter Caravan