Growth and Defence in Plants: Resource Allocation at Multiple Scales

ISBN-13: 9783642306440 / Angielski / Twarda / 2012 / 474 str.

Rainer Matyssek; Hans Schnyder; Wolfgang O. Wald

Opis

Plants use resources, i.e. carbon, nutrients, water and energy, either for growth or to defend themselves from biotic and abiotic stresses. This volume provides a timely understanding of resource allocation and its regulation in plants, linking the molecular with biochemical and physiological-level processes. Ecological scenarios covered include competitors, pathogens, herbivores, mycorrhizae, soil microorganisms, carbon dioxide/ozone regimes, nitrogen and light availabilities. The validity of the "Growth-Differentiation Balance Hypothesis" is examined and novel theoretical concepts and approaches to modelling plant resource allocation are discussed. The results presented can be applied in plant breeding and engineering, as well as in resource-efficient stand management in agriculture and forestry.

Spis treści

Part I  Introduction

 1 The balance between resource sequestration and retention – a challenge in plant science
R. Matyssek, J. Koricheva, H. Schnyder, D. Ernst, J.C. Munch, W. Oßwald, and H. Pretzsch

Part II  Mechanisms of resource allocation in plants and stands
Introduction into Part II

2 Common links of molecular biology with biochemistry and physiology in plants under ozone and pathogen attack
D. Ernst,, M. Jürgensen, G. Bahnweg, W. Heller, and G. Müller-Starck

3 Host-parasite interactions and trade-offs between growth and defence related metabolism under changing environments
W. Oßwald, F. Fleischmann, and D. Treutter

4 Conifer Defense Against Insects and Fungal Pathogens
N. Kolosova and J. Bohlmann

5 The rhizosphere: molecular interactions between microorganisms and roots
R. Hampp, A. Hartmann, and U. Nehls

6 Stores as substrate sources of respiration – effects of nitrogen stress and day length
C.A. Lehmeier, F.A. Lattanzi, H. Schnyder

7 Tracing carbon fluxes – resolving complexity using isotopes

H. Schnyder, U. Gamnitzer, C. Lehmeier, M. Wild, A.B. Bertrand-Morvan, R. Schäufele, and F.A Lattanzi

8 Solar radiation as a driver for growth and competition in forest stands
M. Leuchner, C. Hertel, T. Rötzer, T. Seifert, R. Weigt, H. Werner, and A. Menzel

9 Site conditions and tree-internal nutrient partitioning in mature European beech and Norway spruce at the Kranzberger Forst
A. Göttlein, M. Baumgarten, and J. Dieler

10 Plants and their ectomycorrhizosphere – cost and benefit of symbiotic soil organisms
R. Agerer, A. Hartmann, K. Pritsch, S. Raidl, M. Schloter, R. Verma, and R. Weigt

11 Case study „Kranzberger Forst“ – growth and defence in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)
K.-H. Häberle, R. Weigt, P.S. Nikolova, I.M. Reiter, J. Cermak, G. Wieser, H. Blaschke, T. Rötzer, H. Pretzsch, and R. Matyssek

12 Growth and space use in competitive interactions between juvenile trees
T.E.E. Grams, M.J. Daigo, J.B. Winkler, S. Gayler, and R. Matyssek

13 Allometry of tree crown structure. Relevance for space occupation at the individual plant level and for self-thinning at the stand level
H. Pretzsch, C. Matthew, and J. Dieler

14 Principles of growth partitioning between trees in forest stands under stress
H. Pretzsch, J. Dieler, and T. Rötzer

 Part III  Unifying Theory in Resource Allocation?
Introduction intro Part III

15 Mechanistic modelling of soil-plant-atmosphere systems
E. Priesack, S. Gayler, T. Rötzer, T. Seifert, and H. Pretzsch

16 Learning from various plants and scenarios – statistical modeling
W. zu Castell, R. Matyssek, A. Göttlein, F. Fleischmann, and A. Staninska

17 Modeling the defensive potential of plants
S. Gayler, E. Priesack, F. Fleischmann, W. Heller, T. Rötzer, T. Seifert, and R. Matyssek

18 Effects of stress and defence allocation on tree growth - simulation results at the individual and stand level
T. Rötzer, T. Seifert, S. Gayler, E. Priesack, and H. Pretzsch

19 Predictability of plant resource allocation – new theory needed?
R. Matyssek, S. Gayler, W. zu Castell, W. Oßwald, D. Ernst, H. Pretzsch, H. Schnyder, and J.-C. Munch

Part IV  Outlook 

20 Conclusions and Perspectives
R. Matyssek

O autorze

Prof. h.c. Dr. Hans Pretzsch - habilitiert in Forstlicher Biometrie, Waldwachstumskunde und Waldmesslehre - ist seit 1994 Ordinarius für Waldwachstumsforschung an der Universität München und Leiter des Bayerischen Ertragskundlichen Versuchswesens. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte sind Planung, Steuerung und Auswertung von Waldwachstumsversuchen, Diagnose von Wachsstumsstörungen, Waldwachstumsmodellierung und die Entwicklung von Informationssystemen für Wälder. 1991 erhielt Hans Pretzsch den Biometrie-Förderpreis, 2000 erfolgte die Ernennung zum Professor. Hans Schnyder, geboren 1956, wuchs in Netstal als viertes von insgesamt elf Geschwistern auf. Schon früh wurde er vom harten Alltag des Bauern- und Älplerlebens geprägt. Bis zum dreißigsten Altersjahr blieb Schnyder der Landwirtschaft treu. Seit einigen Jahren betreibt er ein Expertenbüro für Immobilienbewertungen und Versicherungschadenexpertisen. Hans Schnyder ist verheiratet, hat 3 Söhne, eine Tochter und lebt in Netstal.