European Margin Sediment Dynamics: Side-Scan Sonar and Seismic Images

ISBN-13: 9783642626890 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 309 str.

Jurgen Mienert; Phillip Weaver

Opis

Since the 1990s, when the European Commission ner similar to aerial photography. It should be kept started under the Marine Science and Technology in mind, that each of the continental margin sur- (MAST) programme funding for multinational veys between Svalbard in the north and the Ca- continental margin research, increased investiga- naries in the south, called for the team work of sci- tions of the seabed provided new insights into entists and seamen on numerous research vessels large-scale sedimentary processes shaping the Eu- under weather conditions ranging from severe ropean continental margin. It is a field of perma- storms to calm seas. To perform this kind of nent learning and underwater endeavour. community wide research activity demanded the Seabed characterisation and studies of sedi- participation of a major part of the European ment dynamics improved our understanding of research fleet supported by their national govern- the complexity of processes transporting large ments. masses of sediments over distances from metres to Apart from that the scientific results of the hundred of kilometres on the continental slope.

Spis treści

Summary of Geophysical Techniques.- The Norwegian Margin.- GLORIA Lang-Range Sidescan Sonar Mosaic of the North Norwegian Margin (67–75°N).- Large-Scale Slides on the North Norwegian Margin Imaged by GLORIA.- The Northern Storegga Slide Escarpment — Morphology and Features.- A Weak Layer Feature on the Northern Storegga Slide Escarpment.- Morphology of a Non-glacigenic Debris Flow Lobe in the Helland Hansen Area Investigated with 3D Seismic Data.- The Trænadjupet Slide: Sediment Disintegration and Flow.- Morphology and Acoustic Character of the Middle and Lower North Sea Fan.- Debris Flow Activity on the Bear Island and Trough Mouth Fan from GLORIA and 3.5 kHz Records..- Submarine Glacigenic Debris Flows on the Bear Island Trough Mouth Fan, Western Barents Sea: Aspects of Flow Behaviour.- Morphology of Glacigenic Debris Flows on the Upper North Sea Fan.- Canyon and Channel Systems in the Lofoten Basin, Norwegian Margin.- Morphology of the Lofoten Basin Channel.- The Lofoten Contourite Drift: High-Resolution Seismic Stratigraphy.- Gas Hydrates at Storegga Slide..- Seabed and Subsurface Features on the Southern Vøring Plateau and Northern Storegga Slide Escarpment.- The Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano.- The Faeroe-Shetland Margin.- Leng-Range Side-Scan Sonar Imagery of the North Faeroes Margin.- A Major Channel System on the North Faeroes Margin from Side-Scan Sonar Records.- A Record of Mid-Cenozoic Strong Deep-Water Erosion on the Faeroe-Shetland Channel.- Morphology of an Ice-Sheet Limit and Constructional Glacially-Fed Slope Front, Faeroe-Shetland Channel.- Sandy Contourites and Pathways of the Norwegian Sea Overflow Water, West of the Faeroe Bank Channel.- The Rockall-Porcupine Margin.- Images of Sliding and Slumping Along the Porcupine and SW Rockall Trough Margins.- Holocene Shelf-Margin Submarine Landslides, Donegal Fan, Eastern Rockall Trough.- Canyon Heads and Channel Architecture of the Gollum Channel, Porcupine Seabight.- The Continental Rise West of Porcupine Seabight, Northeast Atlantic.- Growth and Partial Destruction of a Neogene Sediment Drift, Western Rockall Trough.- Development of a Sediment Drift: Feni Drift, NE Atlantic Margin.- Giant Carbonate Mounds and Current-Swept Seafloors on the Slopes of the Southern Rockall Trough.- Giant Carbonate Mounds Along the Porcupine and SW Rockall Trough Margins.- Mounds and Sediment Drift in the Porcupine Basin, West of Ireland.- The Celtic and Armorican Margins — a New View.- Morphology and Seismic Stratigraphy of the Manche Paleoriver System, Western Approaches.- The Celtic Deep-Sea Fan: Seismic Facies, Architecture and Stratigraphy.- Morphology and Depositional Processes of the Celtic Fan, Bay of Biscay.- Physiography of the Armorican Turbidite System (Bay of Biscay).- The Iberian and Canaries Margin including NW Africa.- Sediment Dynamic Features on the Eastern Gulf of Cadiz (SW Spain).- Reassessment of Sedimentary Evidence for Deep Contour Currents West of Iberia.- Debris Avalanche Deposits on the Flanks of the Canary Islands: Contrasts Between El Hierro and Tenerife.- Flow Processes in the Saharan Debris Plow.- Turbidity Current Processes and Deposits in the Moroccan Turbidite System.- Oligocene to Recent Processes on the Agadir Continental Margin and Basin (Central Eastern Atlantic).- Canyon Switching in the Moroccan Turbidite System, Northwest African Margin.- Large-Scale Slides on the Flanks of the Canary Islands.- Giant Landslides off the Islands of La Palma.- El Hierro: Shaping of an Oceanic Island by Mass Wasting.

Blurb

This book provides acoustic images about sedimentary systems of the shelf edge, slope and deep-sea-floor. Data obtained by the European North Atlantic Margin and the STEAM Project shows areas of potential instability and deepwater sediment transport systems on the continental slope. The knowledge gained can be used by both academia and hydrocarbon industry so as to arrive at a better understanding of continental margins and the processes shaping them. It will also interest colleagues in earth sciences involved in margin surveys for environmental studies. The current global trend in marine resource development is to move into deeper water, and this book can provide examples relevant to other passive margins around the world. There is a growing need for reliable measurements in deep water and knowledge related to stabilisation. Slope stability problems will be identified with greater reliability, thus improving safety standards for coastal and offshore environmental policies.