Confronting Scale in Archaeology: Issues of Theory and Practice

ISBN-13: 9780387757018 / Angielski / Miękka / 2007 / 280 str.

Lock, Gary

Opis

Archaeological analysis operates on a continuum of scale from the microscopic analysis of a single artifact to regional interpretations of cultural adaptations over thousands of years. A common assumption is that shifting from one scale to another in space and time is a seamless process. Scale in this sense is invisible, a mere mathematical abstraction. Yet, issues of scale exist at the fundamental level of archaeological interpretation. The traditional analytical debate in archaeology between advocates of the so-called processual and postprocessual approaches ranges around the question of scales of reasoning. At the one extreme, remote observation and the ability to interpret events and processes over vast reaches of time and space are possible, because the analysis concerns the hoped-for elucidation of general cultural processes; at the other, they are not, as both analyst and subject are isolated in their own subjectivities. Analysts occupying the middle ground often advocate a multidimensional or holistic approach, which involves multiple scales of analysis and interpretation. As the battleground tends to be the degree to which specific datasets and analytical processes justify the interpretations put forth, archaeologists rarely - dress issues relating to the profound shifts in the scale of visualization necessary in all approaches to the past. And why should they? Ignoring scale is the concession archaeology makes to interpretation."

Recenzje

"Archaeologists from North America, Europe, and Australia grapple with the concept of scale and its intentional and unintentioanl influence in their practice.  The fundamental problem is that archaeologists, being human, have trouble imagining things very much larger or very much smaller than humans, and things very much longer or very much shorter than a human lifetime.  The contributions look at space, time, and size in the past and the present; problems of scale and their identification; and new methodologies and understandings for interpreting scale."  (Reference and Research Book News, November 2006)

Spis treści

Introduction: Confronting Scale.- Introduction: Confronting Scale.- Introducing Scale: Space, Time and Size in The Past and the Present.- On Being the Right Size: Affordances and the Meaning of Scale.- Timescales.- Scale as Artifact: GIS, Ecological Fallacy, and Archaeological Analysis.- Artifacts as Social Interference: The Politics of Spatial Scale.- Constructing Scale: Identifying Problems.- Topographical Scale as Ideological and Practical Affordance: The Case of Devils Tower.- Perspective Matters: Traversing Scale through Archaeological Practice.- Artifacts as Landscapes: A Use-Wear Case Study of Upper Paleolithic Assemblages at the Solutré Kill Site, France.- Scale and Archaeological Evaluations: What are We Looking For?.- Scale, Model Complexity, and Understanding: Simulation of Settlement Processes in the Glenwood Locality of Southwestern Iowa, 1976 and 2000.- Scale and Its Effects on Understanding Regional Behavioural Systems: An Australian Case Study.- Custer’s Last Battle: Struggling with Scale.- Interpreting Scale: Towards New Methodologies and Understandings.- Temporal Scales and Archaeological Landscapes from the Eastern Desert of Australia and Intermontane North America.- Large Scale, Long Duration and Broad Perceptions: Scale Issues in Historic Landscape Characterisation.- Multiscalar Approaches to Settlement Pattern Analysis.- Grain, Extent, and Intensity: The Components of Scale in Archaeological Survey.- Persons and Landscapes: Shifting Scales of Landscape Archaeology.

Blurb

Without realizing, most archaeologists shift within a scale of interpretation of material culture. Material data is interpreted from the scale of an individual in a specific place and time and then shifts to the complex dynamics of cultural groups extending over time and space. This ignoring of scale is the "concession" archaeologists make to interpretation. The introduction of geographical information systems (GIS) remote sensing, and virtual reality have expanded the scale at which data is interpreted even more, using multiple scales at the same time without recognizing the significance of their actions.

This book discusses the cultural, social and spatial aspects of scale and its impact on archaeology in practical and applicable cases. Each author takes one of the fundamental elements of archaeology - from the experience of time and space to the visualization of individuals, sites and landscapes to the intricacies of archaeological discourse - and shows how an awareness of scale can create new and exciting interpretations.