Cognitive Dynamics : Conceptual and Representational Change in Humans and Machines

ISBN-13: 9780805834086 / Angielski / Twarda / 2000 / 400 str.

Eric Dietrich;Arthur B. Markman;Eric Dietrich

Opis

This work presents a new perspective on conceptual change that negotiates a middle ground between purely computational and purely dynamic approaches. Its contents should be of interest to all cognitive scientists and scholars in related fields.

Recent work in cognitive science, much of it placed in opposition to a computational view of the mind, has argued that the concept of representation and theories based on that concept are not sufficient to explain the details of cognitive processing. These attacks on representation have focused on the importance of context sensitivity in cognitive processing, on the range of individual differences in performance, and on the relationship between minds and the bodies and environments in which they exist. In each case, models based on traditional assumptions about representation have been assumed to be too rigid to account for the effects of these factors on cognitive processing. In place of a representational view of mind, other formalisms and methodologies, such as nonlinear differential equations (or dynamical systems) and situated robotics, have been proposed as better explanatory tools for understanding cognition.

This book is based on the notion that, while new tools and approaches for understanding cognition are valuable, representational approaches do not need to be abandoned in the course of constructing new models and explanations. Rather, models that incorporate representation are quite compatible with the kinds of complex situations being modeled with the new methods. This volume illustrates the power of this explicitly representational approach--labeled "cognitive dynamics"--in original essays by prominent researchers in cognitive science. Each chapter explores some aspect of the dynamics of cognitive processing while still retaining representations as the centerpiece of the explanations of the key phenomena. These chapters serve as an existence proof that representation is not incompatible with the dynamics of cognitive processing. The book is divided into sections on foundational issues about the use of representation in cognitive science, the dynamics of low level cognitive processes (such as visual and auditory perception and simple lexical priming), and the dynamics of higher cognitive processes (including categorization, analogy, and decision making).

Recenzje

"...this book supplies a broad background and foundations of dynamics of cognition. It is a good overview book. It describes the problems and obstacles in current approaches in cognitive science dealing with representations. It suggests a new concept to deal and encounter these problems. It reveals comprehensive methods and tools and different approaches to deal with dynamic cognitive systems and dynamic representations. The many examples help make the book readable for engineers not familiar with cognitive sciences."
—IIE Transactions on Operations Engineering

"...the editors do a good job of bringing issues together in their introduction and their prefaces to the main sections, and many of the primarily review-oriented chapters, such as the chapter by Burgess and Lund, provide very good overviews for those seeking an introduction."
—European Journal of Cognitive Psychology

Spis treści

Contents: Preface. Part I: Foundations. E. Dietrich, A.B. Markman, Cognitive Dynamics: Computation and Representation Regained. M.H. Bickhard, Dynamic Representing and Representational Dynamics. J.J. Prinz, L.W. Barsalou, Steering a Course for Embodied Representation. G.F. Marcus, Two Kinds of Representation. Part II: Words and Objects. R.E. Remez, Speech Spoken and Represented. C. Burgess, K. Lund, The Dynamics of Meaning in Memory. J.E. Hummel, Where View-Based Theories Break Down: The Role of Structure in Human Shape Perception. Part III: Concepts, Concept Use, and Conceptual Change. R.L. Goldstone, M. Steyvers, J. Spencer-Smith, A. Kersten, Interactions Between Perceptual and Conceptual Learning. K.J. Holyoak, J.E. Hummel, The Proper Treatment of Symbols in a Connectionist Architecture. E. Dietrich, Analogy and Conceptual Change, or You Can't Step Into the Same Mind Twice. D. Gentner, P. Wolff, Metaphor and Knowledge Change. A.B. Markman, S. Zhang, C.P. Moreau, Representation and the Construction of Preferences.

O autorze

Eric Dietrich, Arthur B. Markman